Fenclonine
| File:Fenclonine.svg | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Other names | CP-10188; Fenclonina; Fencloninum; NSC-77370; Parachlorophenylalanine[1] |
| ATC code |
|
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| IUPHAR/BPS | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | {{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 29: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C9H10ClNO2 |
| Molar mass | 199.63 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Density | 1.336 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 240 °C (464 °F) |
| Boiling point | 339.5 °C (643.1 °F) |
| |
| |
| (verify) | |
Fenclonine, also known as para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), acts as a selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin.[2]
It has been used experimentally to treat carcinoid syndrome, but the side effects, mostly hypersensitivity reactions and psychiatric disturbances, have prevented development for this use.[3]
The effects of serotonin depletion from fenclonine are so drastic that serotonin cannot even be detected immunohistochemically within the first day after administration of a control dose. Tryptophan hydroxylase activity can be detected neither in cell bodies or nerve terminals. After one week 10% of control values (the baseline extrapolated for the study) had replenished in the raphe nucleus, and after two weeks from initial treatment as much was again detected in the hypothalamus region. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) levels were at no time affected.[4]
It is used in scientific research in humans[5] and animals[2] to investigate the effects of serotonin depletion.
See also
[edit | edit source]- α-Methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT, metirosine)
- para-Chloroamphetamine (PCA)
- Telotristat ethyl (Xermelo)
- AGN-2979
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ "Fenclonine" entry in Martindale – The Complete Drug Reference. Maintained in Martindale purely for archival purposes, and is no longer subject to revision and update. (Last reviewed: 2008-08-01; last modified: 2011-09-12). The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2014
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).