Rma script
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| Rma script Rrmea bapa | |
|---|---|
| Script type | |
| Creator | Wei Jiuqiao (Chinese: 魏久乔) |
Period | 2017–present |
| Direction | Left to right, new line underneath |
| Languages | |
| Unicode | |
| proposed[1] (U+16140 - U+1617F) | |
The Rma script (Northern Qiang: Rrmea bapa) is an alphabet with some abugida-like features[2] devised for the Qiang language, spoken in Sichuan Province in the southwest of China. It was finalized in 2017 by scholar Wei Jiuqiao.[3]
The script fits the phonology of the standardized language of the Northern Qiang variety of Qugu, officially written with the Roman script using the Qiang Phonetic Alphabet Scheme. Whereas Northern Qiang varieties have length contrasts, Southern Qiang varieties have phonemic tone contrasts; thus a version with tonal diacritics has also been produced, and has been used for the Southern Qiang variety of Luobuzhai (Chinese: 萝卜寨; pinyin: Luóbozhài) in Wenchuan County.[2] It has gained substantial recognition among the Qiang people, and various books have been published in it.[3]
In 2022, a preliminary proposal was made to encode this system in the Universal Character Set of Unicode.[1]
Consonants
[edit | edit source]The ordering of the consonants proceeds from labial stops to velar stops and then to the affricates; in this regard, its ordering is similar to the Bopomofo system for Standard Chinese.
In contrast to true abugidas, the consonant glyphs do not have inherent vowels attached, and thus is closer to a true alphabet.
| File:Rma - b.svg b /p/ |
File:Rma - p.svg p /pʰ/ |
File:Rma - bb.svg bb /b/ |
File:Rma - m.svg m /m/ |
File:Rma - f.svg f /f/ |
File:Rma - w.svg w /w/ |
File:Rma - wf.svg wf /v/ |
| File:Rma - d.svg d /t/ |
File:Rma - t.svg t /tʰ/ |
File:Rma - dd.svg dd /d/ |
File:Rma - n.svg n /n/ |
File:Rma - lh.svg lh /ɬ/ |
File:Rma - l.svg l /l/ |
File:Rma - lr.svg lr /lʴ/ |
| File:Rma - g.svg g /k/ |
File:Rma - k.svg k /kʰ/ |
File:Rma - gg.svg gg /ɡ/ |
File:Rma - ng.svg ng /ŋ/ |
File:Rma - h.svg h /h/ |
File:Rma - hh.svg hh /ɣ/ |
— |
| File:Rma - j.svg j /tɕ/ |
File:Rma - q.svg q /tɕʰ/ |
File:Rma - jj.svg jj /dʑ/ |
File:Rma - x.svg x /ɕ/ |
File:Rma - xx.svg xx /ʑ/ |
File:Rma - y.svg y /j/ |
— |
| File:Rma - gv.svg gv /q/ |
File:Rma - kv.svg kv /qʰ/ |
File:Rma - v.svg v /χ/ |
File:Rma - vh.svg vh /ɦ/ |
File:Rma - vv.svg vv /ʁ/ |
— | — |
| File:Rma - z.svg z /ts/ |
File:Rma - c.svg c /tsʰ/ |
File:Rma - zz.svg zz /dz/ |
File:Rma - s.svg s /s/ |
File:Rma - ss.svg ss /z/ |
— | — |
| File:Rma - zh.svg zh /tʂ/ |
File:Rma - ch.svg ch /tʂʰ/ |
File:Rma - dh.svg dh /dʐ/ |
File:Rma - sh.svg sh /ʂ/ |
File:Rma - rr.svg rr /ʐ/ |
— | — |
Vowels
[edit | edit source]The Rma script has abugida-like features in its vowels, with its use of vowel diacritics around the consonant glyphs, and a zero consonant character.
| File:Rma - a2.svg a /a/ |
File:Rma - ae.svg ae /æ/ |
File:Rma - ea.svg ea /e/ |
File:Rma - u.svg u /u/ |
File:Rma - e.svg e /ə/ |
File:Rma - nn.svg nn /◌̃/ |
| File:Rma - i.svg i /i/ |
File:Rma - yu.svg ü /y/ |
File:Rma - o.svg o /o/ |
File:Rma - !.svg /ː/,/ʔ/ |
File:Rma - r2.svg r /ʴ/ |
— |
Note the use of the same glyph for vowel length marking and the glottal stop, in Northern Qiang: agvei. It is also the vowel carrier glyph.[2]
Punctuation
[edit | edit source]The Rma script has its own punctuation,[2][3] including a special ligature for the Qiang people.[3] It was from this sign that the writing system was devised.[2]
Tones
[edit | edit source]| [icon] | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (November 2024) |
![[icon]](/index.php/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=link}
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d e Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).