Solar eclipse of December 3, 1918
| Annular eclipse | |
| Gamma | −0.2387 |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 0.9383 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 426 s (7 min 6 s) |
| Coordinates | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Max. width of band | 236 km (147 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 15:22:02 |
| References | |
| Saros | 131 (45 of 70) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9325 |
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, December 3, 1918,[1] with a magnitude of 0.9383. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring 4.3 days after apogee (on November 29, 1918, at 7:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[2]
Annularity was visible from Chile including the capital city Santiago, Argentina including capital Buenos Aires, southern Uruguay including capital Montevideo, northeastern tip of South West Africa (today's Namibia) and southwestern Portuguese Angola (today's Angola). Aconcagua, the highest mountain outside Asia, also lies in the path of annularity. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of South America, Antarctica, Southern Africa, and Central Africa.
Eclipse details
[edit | edit source]Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1918 December 03 at 12:21:26.8 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1918 December 03 at 13:26:14.8 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1918 December 03 at 13:28:57.9 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1918 December 03 at 13:31:41.2 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 1918 December 03 at 14:40:20.1 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1918 December 03 at 15:19:13.2 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1918 December 03 at 15:22:01.5 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1918 December 03 at 15:22:11.4 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1918 December 03 at 15:23:11.5 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 1918 December 03 at 16:03:41.9 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1918 December 03 at 17:12:22.6 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1918 December 03 at 17:15:03.6 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1918 December 03 at 17:17:44.3 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1918 December 03 at 18:22:30.4 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.93826 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.88034 |
| Gamma | −0.23873 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 16h36m17.1s |
| Sun Declination | -22°03'17.1" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'13.6" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 16h36m14.8s |
| Moon Declination | -22°16'22.8" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'00.0" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°55'03.1" |
| ΔT | 20.9 s |
Eclipse season
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| December 3 Ascending node (new moon) |
December 17 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
| File:SE1918Dec03A.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1918Dec17.png |
| Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 131 |
Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 143 |
Related eclipses
[edit | edit source]Eclipses in 1918
[edit | edit source]- A total solar eclipse on June 8.
- A partial lunar eclipse on June 24.
- An annular solar eclipse on December 3.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 17.
Metonic
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 14, 1915
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 21, 1922
Tzolkinex
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 22, 1911
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 14, 1926
Half-Saros
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 27, 1909
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 8, 1927
Tritos
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 1, 1929
Solar Saros 131
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 22, 1900
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 13, 1936
Inex
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 22, 1889
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 12, 1947
Triad
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 1, 1832
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 3, 2005
Solar eclipses of 1916–1920
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
The solar eclipses on February 3, 1916 (total), July 30, 1916 (annular), January 23, 1917 (partial), and July 19, 1917 (partial) occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1916 to 1920 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 111 | December 24, 1916 File:SE1916Dec24P.png Partial |
−1.5321 | 116 | June 19, 1917 File:SE1917Jun19P.png Partial |
1.2857 | |
| 121 | December 14, 1917 File:SE1917Dec14A.png Annular |
−0.9157 | 126 | June 8, 1918 File:SE1918Jun08T.png Total |
0.4658 | |
| 131 | December 3, 1918 File:SE1918Dec03A.png Annular |
−0.2387 | 136 File:1919 eclipse positive.jpg Totality in Príncipe |
May 29, 1919 File:SE1919May29T.png Total |
−0.2955 | |
| 141 | November 22, 1919 File:SE1919Nov22A.png Annular |
0.4549 | 146 | May 18, 1920 File:SE1920May18P.png Partial |
−1.0239 | |
| 151 | November 10, 1920 File:SE1920Nov10P.png Partial |
1.1287 | ||||
Saros 131
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of Saros series 131, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 1, 1125. It contains total eclipses from March 27, 1522 through May 30, 1612; hybrid eclipses from June 10, 1630 through July 24, 1702; and annular eclipses from August 4, 1720 through June 18, 2243. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on September 2, 2369. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 28 at 58 seconds on May 30, 1612, and the longest duration of annularity was produced by member 50 at 7 minutes, 54 seconds on January 26, 2009. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[5]
| Series members 39–60 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 39 | 40 | 41 |
| File:SE1810Sep28A.png September 28, 1810 |
File:SE1828Oct09A.png October 9, 1828 |
File:SE1846Oct20A.png October 20, 1846 |
| 42 | 43 | 44 |
| File:SE1864Oct30A.png October 30, 1864 |
File:SE1882Nov10A.png November 10, 1882 |
File:SE1900Nov22A.png November 22, 1900 |
| 45 | 46 | 47 |
| File:SE1918Dec03A.png December 3, 1918 |
File:SE1936Dec13A.png December 13, 1936 |
File:SE1954Dec25A.png December 25, 1954 |
| 48 | 49 | 50 |
| File:SE1973Jan04A.png January 4, 1973 |
File:SE1991Jan15A.png January 15, 1991 |
File:SE2009Jan26A.png January 26, 2009 |
| 51 | 52 | 53 |
| File:SE2027Feb06A.png February 6, 2027 |
File:SE2045Feb16A.png February 16, 2045 |
File:SE2063Feb28A.png February 28, 2063 |
| 54 | 55 | 56 |
| File:SE2081Mar10A.png March 10, 2081 |
File:SE2099Mar21A.png March 21, 2099 |
File:SE2117Apr02A.png April 2, 2117 |
| 57 | 58 | 59 |
| File:SE2135Apr13A.png April 13, 2135 |
File:SE2153Apr23A.png April 23, 2153 |
File:SE2171May05A.png May 5, 2171 |
| 60 | ||
| File:SE2189May15A.png May 15, 2189 | ||
Metonic series
[edit | edit source]The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.
Tritos series
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Inex series
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
| File:SE1803Feb21T.png February 21, 1803 (Saros 127) |
File:SE1832Feb01A.gif February 1, 1832 (Saros 128) |
File:SE1861Jan11A.gif January 11, 1861 (Saros 129) |
| File:SE1889Dec22T.png December 22, 1889 (Saros 130) |
File:SE1918Dec03A.png December 3, 1918 (Saros 131) |
File:SE1947Nov12A.png November 12, 1947 (Saros 132) |
| File:SE1976Oct23T.png October 23, 1976 (Saros 133) |
File:SE2005Oct03A.png October 3, 2005 (Saros 134) |
File:SE2034Sep12A.png September 12, 2034 (Saros 135) |
| File:SE2063Aug24T.png August 24, 2063 (Saros 136) |
File:SE2092Aug03A.png August 3, 2092 (Saros 137) |
File:SE2121Jul14A.png July 14, 2121 (Saros 138) |
| File:SE2150Jun25T.png June 25, 2150 (Saros 139) |
File:SE2179Jun05A.png June 5, 2179 (Saros 140) |
|
Notes
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- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
References
[edit | edit source]- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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