Samish dialect
| Samish | |
|---|---|
| Xws7ámeshqen | |
| Pronunciation | [xʷsʔ'e.məʃ.qen] |
| Native to | United States, Canada |
| Ethnicity | Samish people |
| Revival | [1] |
Salishan
| |
| NAPA (Xws7ámeshqen Alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | sami1249 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
Samish (Xws7ámeshqen, IPA: [xʷsʔ'e.məʃ.qen])[2] is a dialect of the North Straits Salish dialect continuum spoken by the Indigenous Samish people of the Pacific Northwest. Samish is traditionally referred to as a language, but it is mutually intelligible with the other dialects of North Straits Salish. Samish is a Coast Salish language and is closely related to other languages in that family.
The Samish language is still spoken by some Samish tribal members, and the Samish Indian Nation's Xws7ámeshqen Program is working to revitalize the language in daily life. They offer classes to tribal citizens and have an online website with a wordlist and placenames.[2]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Postvelar | Glottal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| median | sibilant | lateral | plain | lab. | plain | lab. | ||||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
plain | p | t | (t͡s) | t͡ʃ | (k) | kʷ | q | qʷ | ʔ | ||
| ejective | pʼ | t͡θʼ | tʼ | (t͡sʼ) | t͡ɬʼ | t͡ʃʼ | kʷʼ | qʼ | qʷʼ | |||
| Fricative | s | ɬ | ʃ | xʷ | χ | χʷ | h | |||||
| Sonorant | plain | m | n | l | j | w | ŋ | |||||
| glottalized | mˀ | nˀ | lˀ | jˀ | wˀ | ŋˀ | ||||||
- /t͡s/ is a rare sound, only occurring in the deictic morpheme ⟨cə⟩.
- /t͡θʼ/ may commonly be heard as [t͡sʼ] in free variation among speakers.
- /k/ is only found in loanwords.[3]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | ə | |
| Open | a | ||
Orthography
[edit | edit source]| Uppercase | Lowercase | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | /ʔ/ | |
| A | a | /e/ |
| Ch | ch | /t͡ʃ/ |
| Ch' | ch' | /t͡ʃ‘/ |
| E | e | /e~ə/ |
| H | h | /h/ |
| I | i | /i/ |
| K | k | /k~k’/ |
| Kw | kw | /kʷ/ |
| Kw' | kw' | /kʷ’/ |
| L | l | /l/ |
| Lh | lh | /ɬ/ |
| M | m | /m/ |
| N | n | /n/ |
| Ng | ng | /ŋ/ |
| O | o | /ɔ/ |
| P | p | /p/ |
| P' | p' | /p’/ |
| Q | q | /q/ |
| Q' | q' | /q’/ |
| Qw | qw | /qʷ/ |
| Qw' | qw' | /qʷʼ/ |
| S | s | /s/ |
| Sh | sh | /ʃ/ |
| T | t | /t/ |
| T' | t' | /t’/ |
| Tl' | tl' | /t͡ɬ’/ |
| Ts | ts | /ts/ |
| Ts' | ts' | /ts’/ |
| U | u | /u/ |
| W | w | /w/ |
| X̲ | x̲ | /χ/ |
| Xw | xw | /xʷ/ |
| X̲w | x̲w | /χʷ/ |
| Y | y | /j/ |
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).