Maiduan languages
| Maiduan | |
|---|---|
| Maidun, Pujunan | |
| Geographic distribution | California |
| Ethnicity | Maidu, Konkow, Nisenan |
| Linguistic classification | Penutian?
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | maid1262 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
 Pre-contact distribution of Maiduan languages | |
 Pre-contact distribution of Maiduan languages (California detail map) | |
Maiduan (also Maidun, Pujunan) is a small endangered language family of northeastern California.
Family division
[edit | edit source]The Maiduan consists of four languages:
The languages have similar sound systems but differ significantly in terms of grammar. They are not mutually intelligible, even though many works often refer to all of the speakers of these languages as Maidu. The Chico dialects are little known due to scanty documentation, so their precise genetic relationship to the other languages probably cannot be determined (Mithun 1999), and in any case may have been not a fourth Maiduan language, but widely divergent dialects of Konkow (Ultan 1967).
Three of the languages went extinct by approximately the year 2000. Konkow was reported to have three elderly speakers in 2007.[1]
Genetic relations
[edit | edit source]Maiduan is often considered in various Penutian phylum proposals. It was one of the original members of California Penutian (the Penutian "core").
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Bibliography
[edit | edit source]- Callaghan, Catherine A. (1997). "Evidence for Yok-Utian", International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 63, No. 1 (Jan., 1997), pp. 18–64. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). JSTOR 1265864
- Heizer, Robert F. (1966). Languages, territories, and names of California Indian tribes. University of California Press.
- Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (hbk); Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)..
- Shipley, William. (1961). "Maidu and Nisenan: A Binary Survey", International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Jan., 1961), pp. 46–51. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). JSTOR 1264141
- Ultan, Russell. (1964). "Proto-Maidun phonology," International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 30, No. 4 (Oct., 1964) pp. 355-370. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). JSTOR 1263530
- Ultan, Russell. (1967). "Konkow Grammar," unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California at Berkeley
External links
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