Integrin alpha V

Integrin alpha-V is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAV gene.

Function

ITGAV encodes integrin alpha chain V. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Alpha V undergoes post-translational cleavage to yield disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, that combine with multiple integrin beta chains to form different integrins. Among the known associating beta chains (beta chains 1,3,5,6, and 8; ITGB1, ITGB3, ITGB5, ITGB6, and ITGB8), each can interact with extracellular matrix ligands; the alpha V beta 3 integrin, perhaps the most studied of these, is referred to as the Vitronectin receptor (VNR). In addition to adhesion, many integrins are known to facilitate signal transduction.

Alpha V class integrins

In mammals the integrins that include alpha-V are :

Name	Synonyms	Distribution	Ligands
αVβ1		neurological tumors	vitronectin; fibrinogen
αVβ3	vitronectin receptor	activated endothelial cells, melanoma, glioblastoma	vitronectin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, osteopontin, Cyr61, thyroxine
αVβ5		widespread, esp. fibroblasts, epithelial cells	vitronectin and adenovirus
αVβ6		proliferating epithelia, esp. lung and mammary gland	fibronectin; TGFβ1+3
αVβ8		neural tissue; peripheral nerve	fibronectin; TGFβ1+3

Clinical significance

Overexpression of the ITGAV gene is associated with progression and spread of colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer.

As a drug target

The mAbs intetumumab, and abituzumab target this protein which is found on some tumour cells.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

External links

• CD51+Antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• ITGAV Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine