Codeine/paracetamol
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| Combination of | |
|---|---|
| Codeine | Opioid analgesic |
| Paracetamol | Anilide analgesic |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Tylenol with codeine Zapain Panadeine Forte |
| MedlinePlus | a601005 |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| ChemSpider | |
| KEGG | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Codeine/paracetamol, also called codeine/acetaminophen and co-codamol, is a compound analgesic, comprising codeine phosphate and paracetamol (acetaminophen). Codeine/paracetamol is used for the relief of mild to moderate pain when paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; such as ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen) alone do not sufficiently relieve symptoms.[2][3]
In 2023, it was the 210th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[7][8]
Side effects
[edit | edit source]The most common side effects include constipation, nausea and drowsiness.[9] Others include coughing up blood from the lungs, skin rashes, dizziness, sedation, shortness of breath, hypersensitivity reaction, fainting (syncope or near syncope), confusion, loss of short-term memory, changes in blood, allergic reactions, euphoria, dysphoria, abdominal pain, itchiness, easy bruising, bleeding gums, vivid dreams, dry mouth and addiction.[10]
Genetic differences between people cause differing rates of metabolism of codeine to morphine. In about 5 percent of people this may happen particularly fast, causing morphine to be passed through breast milk in amounts that may cause fatal respiratory depression in a breastfed baby.[11]
Society and culture
[edit | edit source]Availability
[edit | edit source]Of the European Union member states, eleven allow over-the-counter sale of solid dosage forms of codeine, including codeine/paracetamol: Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, and Slovenia.[12]
References
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