Cardinalis

Cardinalis
File:Cardinalis sinuatus.jpg
Male pyrrhuloxia
File:Pyrr-juvenile.jpg
Female pyrrhuloxia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Cardinalidae
Genus:	Cardinalis Bonaparte, 1838
Type species
Cardinalis virginianus = Loxia cardinalis Bonaparte, 1838

Cardinalis is a genus of birds in the family Cardinalidae. There are three species ranging across North America to northern South America.

Description

They are birds between 19 and 22 cm in length. Its most distinctive characteristics are the presence of a conspicuous crest and a thick and strong conical bill. There is sexual dimorphism; males have a greater amount of red in their plumage, and females have only some tints, with a predominance of gray. Its striking red plumage is likened to a Catholic senior priest's garments, and their genus is named after the Latin word for them, cardinalis. Immature individuals are similar to females.

Species

Genus Cardinalis – Bonaparte, 1838 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Northern cardinal File:Northern Cardinal (34121550154).jpg Male {{{image2-alt}}} Female	Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) Nineteen subspecies C. c. cardinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) C. c. affinis Nelson, 1899 C. c. canicaudus Chapman, 1891 C. c. carneus (Lesson, 1842) C. c. clintoni (Banks, 1963) C. c. coccineus Ridgway, 1873 C. c. flammiger J.L. Peters, 1913 C. c. floridanus Ridgway, 1896 C. c. igneus S.F. Baird, 1860 C. c. littoralis Nelson, 1897 C. c. magnirostris Bangs, 1903 C. c. mariae Nelson, 1898 C. c. phillipsi Parkes, 1997 C. c. saturatus Ridgway, 1885 C. c. seftoni (Huey, 1940) C. c. sinaloensis Nelson, 1899 C. c. superbus Ridgway, 1885 C. c. townsendi (van Rossem, 1932) C. c. yucatanicus Ridgway, 1887	United States from Maine to Texas and in Canada in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Its range extends west to the U.S.–Mexico border and south through Mexico to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, northern Guatemala, and northern Belize Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Pyrrhuloxia (a.k.a. Desert cardinal) File:Cardinalis sinuatus.jpg Male {{{image2-alt}}} Female	Cardinalis sinuatus Bonaparte, 1838	U.S. states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas and woodland edges in Mexico Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Vermilion cardinal File:Cardinalis phoenicius Cardenal guajiro Vermilion Cardinal (male) (8619284898).jpg Male {{{image2-alt}}} Female	Cardinalis phoeniceus Bonaparte, 1838	Colombia and Venezuela Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

Phylogeny

Cladogram based on analysis by Tilston Smith and Klicka published in 2013.

Cardinalis	C. phoeniceus C.sinuatus C.cardinalis

External links

• Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to at Wikimedia Commons
• File:Wikispecies-logo.svg Data related to Cardinalis at Wikispecies