Bzyb dialect
| Bzyb | |
|---|---|
| бзыԥ, бзыԥтәи/бзыԥ ацәажәашьа | |
| Native to | Turkey, Abkhazia |
| Region | Bzyb River |
Native speakers | (30,000 cited 1964) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | bzyb1238 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
Bzyb (also spelled Bzyp) is a major dialect of Abkhaz, native to the Bzyb River region of Caucasus.[1] It was once the literary variety of Abkhaz, but students are now taught in the Abzhuy dialect.[2]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]It differs from standard Abkhaz mainly in terms of phonology. It has 69 consonant phonemes.[3] It shares the [ɕʷ] and [ʑʷ] sounds with the Sadz dialect, and the [t͡ɕ], [d͡ʑ], [t͡ɕʼ], [ɕ], [ʑ], [χˤ], and [χˤʷ] sounds are unique to Bzyb. Standard Abkhaz (which is based on the Abzhywa dialect) lacks these sounds.
The phoneme [ɥ] ⟨Ҩ ҩ⟩ was originally a labialized pharyngeal fricative [ʕʷ].[3]
The Bzyb consonant inventory appears to have been the fundamental inventory of Proto-Abkhaz, with the inventories of Abzhywa and Sadz being reduced from this total, rather than the Bzyb series being innovative.[2]
Orthography
[edit | edit source]Bzyb was first written in 1862, when Peter von Uslar introduced a Cyrillic-based orthography for it, partially inspired by Anders Johan Sjögren's 1844 Ossetian alphabet.[4] The alphabet is as follows:
| а | б | ҩ | г | ӷ | д | ꚁ | е |
| ж | ђ | ꚅ | ꚅ̆ | з | ӡ | ꚃ | һ |
| ꚕ | і | ј | к | қ | л | м | н |
| о | п | ԥ | ԛ | р | с | т | ҭ |
| ꚍ | ꚍ̆ | у | ф | х | ц | 10pх | ꚏ |
| ꚏ̆ | File:Cyrillic capital letter Cil.svg | File:Cyrillic small letter Cil with bar.svg | ч | File:Cyrillic capital letter Char.svg | ҽ | ҽ̆ | ш |
| ш̆ | ꚗ | ꚗ̆ | ѵ |
With the modern orthography, Viacheslav Chirikba transcribes the phonemes unique to Bzyb, or to Bzyb and Sadz, with digraphs : зь /ʑ/, ӡь /d͡ʑ/, сь /ɕ/, х' /χ/, ць /t͡ɕʰ/, ҵь /t͡ɕʼ/.[3]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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