List of deep fields

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Hubble Legacy Field[1]
Comparison of how far in the past some of the Hubble Space Telescope's deep fields have seen in terms of redshift and million years and also how far the James Webb Space Telescope should be able to see.

In astronomy, a deep field is an image of a portion of the sky taken with a very long exposure time, in order to detect and study faint objects. The depth of the field refers to the apparent magnitude or the flux of the faintest objects that can be detected in the image.[2] Deep field observations usually cover a small angular area on the sky, because of the large amounts of telescope time required to reach faint flux limits. Deep fields are used primarily to study galaxy evolution and the cosmic evolution of active galactic nuclei, and to detect faint objects at high redshift. Numerous ground-based and space-based observatories have taken deep-field observations at wavelengths spanning radio to X-rays.

The first deep-field image to receive a great deal of public attention was the Hubble Deep Field, observed in 1995 with the WFPC2 camera on the Hubble Space Telescope. Other space telescopes that have obtained deep-field observations include the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the XMM-Newton Observatory, the Spitzer Space Telescope, and the James Webb Space Telescope.

Left: image taken by Hubble (2017) vs Right: the image taken by Webb (2022)[3]
File:NASA-HubbleSpaceTelescope-DeepField-2017.jpg
File:Webb's First Deep Field (adjusted).jpg
Deep Field – Galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327[4][5][2][6][7][8]

Table

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The following table gives a partial list of deep-field observations taken since 1995.

Image Name Telescope Year captured Size (arcminute) Number of exposures
Hubble Deep Field Hubble Space Telescope 1995 2.6′x2.6′ 342
File:Hubble Deep Field South.jpg Hubble Deep Field South Hubble Space Telescope 1998 5.3²′ 995
File:Chandra Deep Field South.jpg Chandra Deep Field South Chandra X-ray Observatory 1999–2000 16′ across 11
File:Hubble ultra deep field high rez edit1.jpg Hubble Ultra-Deep Field Hubble Space Telescope 2003–2004 2.4′x2.4′ 808
File:Hubble-ExtendedGrothStrip.jpg Extended Groth Strip Hubble Space Telescope 2004–2005 70′x10′ over 500
File:Hubble Ultra Deep Field region of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey.jpg Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) Hubble Space Telescope 2011
File:Teenage galaxies in the distant Universe.jpg ESO's VLT and the SINFONI instrument[9] Very Large Telescope 2012
File:Hubble Extreme Deep Field (full resolution).png Hubble eXtreme Deep Field Hubble Space Telescope 2012 2.3′x3′
File:NASA-HS201427a-HubbleUltraDeepField2014-20140603.jpg Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (UV/VIS/NIR) Hubble Space Telescope 2014
File:Hubble Frontier Fields view of MACSJ0416.1–2403.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields MACS J0416.1-2403[10] Hubble Space Telescope 2015
File:Heic1401a-Abell2744-20140107.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields Abell 2744[11] Hubble Space Telescope 2015
File:Galaxy Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields MACS J0717.5+3745 Hubble Space Telescope 2015
File:A galactic gathering.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields MACS J1149.5+2223[12] Hubble Space Telescope 2015
File:Abell S1063.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields Abell S1063[13] Hubble Space Telescope 2016
File:The last of the Frontier Fields — Abell 370.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields Abell 370[14] Hubble Space Telescope 2017
File:Abell 370 parallel field.jpg Hubble Frontier Fields Abell 370 parallel field[15] Hubble Space Telescope 2017
File:NASA-Galaxies15k-HubbleHDUV-20180816.png Hubble Deep UV (HDUV) Legacy Survey[16] Hubble Space Telescope 2018
Error creating thumbnail: Hubble Legacy Field[1] Hubble Space Telescope 2019 25′x25′ 7,500
File:Dark Energy Survey deep field image.jpg Dark Energy Survey[17][18] Víctor M. Blanco Telescope 2021 18.41′x9.64′
File:Webb's First Deep Field.jpg Webb's First Deep Field James Webb Space Telescope 2022 2.4′ across
File:NASA-JWST-JADES-FirstDeepField-20221209.png James Webb Space Telescope – JADES (James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey)
First Deep Field[19][20]		 James Webb Space Telescope 2022 4-6′×12′ approx;
(4′×6′ and 6′×6′ subsets adjacent)[21]
File:Jades Deep Field Annotated.png James Webb Space Telescope – JADES (James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey)[22] James Webb Space Telescope 2024 ??′ across
File:Euclid Deep Field North – preview ESA507291.jpg Euclid Deep Field North (EDF-N)[23] Euclid 2025-(data release 3) 20 deg2 DR3 visits: 40
File:Euclid Deep Field South – preview ESA507296.jpg Euclid Deep Field South (EDF-S)[23] Euclid 2025-(data release 3) 23 deg2 DR3 visits: 45
File:Euclid Deep Field Fornax – preview ESA507295.jpg Euclid Deep Field Fornax (EDF-F), centred on Chandra Deep Field South[23] Euclid 2025-(data release 3) 10 deg2 DR3 visits: 52

See also

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Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Deep fields.

References

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