STS-109
 The Hubble Space Telescope in Columbia's payload bay towards the end of the mission | |
| Names | Space Transportation System-109 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Hubble servicing |
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | {{#property:P247}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 29: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Mission duration | 10 days, 22 hours, 11 minutes, 09 seconds |
| Distance travelled | 6,300,000 kilometres (3,900,000 mi) |
| Orbits completed | 165 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Space Shuttle Columbia |
| Launch mass | 116,989 kg (257,917 lb) |
| Landing mass | 100,564 kg (221,706 lb) |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 7 |
| Members | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 1 March 2002 11:22:02 UTC, 6:22:02 am EST |
| Launch site | Kennedy, LC-39A |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 12 March 2002 09:33:10 UTC, 4:33:10 am EST |
| Landing site | Kennedy, SLF Runway 33 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 486 km (302 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 578 km (359 mi) |
| Inclination | 28.5 degrees |
| Period | 95.3 minutes |
 (L-R): Michael J. Massimino, Richard M. Linnehan, Duane G. Carey, Scott D. Altman, Nancy J. Currie, John M. Grunsfeld and James H. Newman. | |
STS-109 (Hubble Servicing Mission 3B 'SM3B') was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program,[1] the 27th flight of the orbiter Columbia[1] and the fourth servicing of the Hubble Space Telescope.[2] It was also the last successful mission of the orbiter Columbia before the ill-fated STS-107 mission, which culminated in the Columbia disaster.
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was placed in orbit during mission STS-31 on 25 April 1990.[3] Initially designed to operate for 15 years, plans for periodic service and refurbishment were incorporated into its mission from the start.[4] After the successful completion of the second planned service mission (SM2) by the crew of STS-82 in February 1997, three of the telescope's six gyroscopes failed. NASA decided to split the third planned service mission into two parts, SM3A and SM3B.[5] A fifth and final servicing mission, STS-125 (SM4) launched on 11 May 2009.[6] The work performed during SM4 kept HST in operation through 2024.[7]
Crew
[edit | edit source]| Position | Astronaut | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Scott D. Altman Third spaceflight | |
| Pilot | Duane G. Carey Only spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 1 | John M. Grunsfeld Fourth spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 2 Flight Engineer |
Nancy J. Currie Fourth and last spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 3 | Richard M. Linnehan Third spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 4 | James H. Newman Fourth and last spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 5 | Michael J. Massimino First spaceflight | |
Crew seat assignments
[edit | edit source]| Seat[8] | Launch | Landing |  Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck. Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Altman | ||
| 2 | Carey | ||
| 3 | Grunsfeld | Linnehan | |
| 4 | Currie-Gregg | ||
| 5 | Linnehan | Grunsfeld | |
| 6 | Newman | ||
| 7 | Massimino | ||
Spacewalks
[edit | edit source]
| EVA | Team | Start – UTC | End – UTC | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grunsfeld Linnehan |
4 March 2002, 06:37 | 4 March 2002, 13:38 | 7:01 |
| 2 | Newman Massimino |
5 March 2002, 06:40 | 5 March 2002, 13:56 | 7:16 |
| 3 | Grunsfeld Linnehan |
6 March 2002, 08:28 | 6 March 2002, 15:16 | 6:48 |
| 4 | Newman Massimino |
7 March 2002, 09:00 | 7 March 2002, 16:18[9][10] | 7:18 |
| 5 | Grunsfeld Linnehan |
8 March 2002, 08:46 | 8 March 2002, 16:18[9][11] | 7:32 |
Mission highlights
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The purpose of STS-109 was to service the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). It was Columbia's first flight following an extensive two and a half year modification period (its most recent mission being STS-93). During the mission the crew installed a new science instrument, the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), new rigid solar arrays (SA3), a new Power Control Unit (PCU) and an experimental cryocooler for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). Columbia also reboosted HST to a higher orbit.
The STS-109 astronauts performed a total of five spacewalks in five consecutive days to service and upgrade the Hubble Space Telescope. The spacewalkers received assistance from their crewmates inside Columbia. Currie operated the Shuttle's robot arm while Altman was her backup. Carey and Altman documented the EVAs with video and still images.
Accomplishments of the spacewalks included the installation of new solar arrays, a new camera, a new Power Control Unit, a Reaction Wheel Assembly and an experimental cooling system for the NICMOS unit. STS-109 accumulated a total of 35 hours, 55 minutes of EVA time. Following STS-109, a total of 18 spacewalks had been conducted during four Space Shuttle missions to service Hubble (the others being STS-61, STS-82, STS-103 and STS-125) for a total of 129 hours, 10 minutes by 14 different astronauts.
Lake Tota is clearly visible.
Columbia made its twenty-seventh and last successful landing at Kennedy Space Center, as on its next mission, STS-107, it disintegrated on re-entry, killing all aboard.
STS-109 is considered a night launch, as sunrise was at 6:47 am, and Columbia launched at 6:22 am EST, 25 minutes before sunrise.
| Attempt | Planned | Result | Turnaround | Reason | Decision point | Weather go (%) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 Feb 2002, 6:48:14 am | Scrubbed | — | Technical | 27 Feb 2002, 3:20 pm | 60 | Wrong bearings installed on Columbia's main landing gear.[12] |
| 2 | 1 Mar 2002, 6:22:02 am | Success | 0 days 23 hours 34 minutes | 80 | [13] |
See also
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References
[edit | edit source]Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
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External links
[edit | edit source]
- Status reports – Detailed NASA status reports for each day of the mission.
- NASA mission summary Archived 18 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- STS-109 reentry pictures
- ESA/Hubble mission summary
- STS-109 Video Highlights Archived 11 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine
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