| Consonants
|
| IPA
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
| h
|
hašap, čihau
|
horse, ahead
|
| hː
|
nehhe
|
like horse but held longer
|
| j
|
yuwwa, hooyo, kiiy
|
yellow
|
| jː
|
oyyo, mayyan
|
may you
|
| k
|
kaana, Muwekma, hiilok
|
cat
|
| kː
|
akka, makkin
|
bookkeeper
|
| kʷ
|
kweṭe
|
question
|
| kʷː
|
akkwwe
|
black quail
|
| l
|
loskowis, alšip
|
listen
|
| lː
|
elle
|
illegal
|
| m
|
meene, amham, hiram
|
man
|
| mː
|
ammamak, himmen
|
immobile
|
| n
|
nonwente, hašnayi, uwweton
|
nose
|
| nː
|
rinni, ṭenne
|
innervate
|
| ɲ
|
Čočenyo, miinyi
|
onion
|
| ɲː
|
annyiš
|
like onion but held longer
|
| p
|
piin, hašapikne
|
speed
|
| pː
|
mak-appa, neppe
|
soap-pan
|
| ɾ
|
ruumeš, uurus, mur
|
atom (with flapping)
|
| ɾː
|
irrite
|
trilled r as in Spanish perro
|
| s
|
sii, jawwasin, uurus
|
sack
|
| sː
|
sassuwe
|
ice circle
|
| ʃ
|
šettet, horše, kaaniš
|
shell
|
| ʃː
|
išša, huššiš
|
fish shelter
|
| t
|
tuuhi, siitka, mayt
|
time
|
| tː
|
atta, attuš
|
right time
|
| t͡s
|
tsiikau, atsiakis, ketnets
|
tsunami (pronouncing the t-)
|
| t͡sː
|
tsottso
|
at Tsushima
|
| t͡ʃ
|
Čočenyo, kučuwiš
|
chance
|
| t͡ʃː
|
ričča, aččamak
|
fat chance
|
| ʈ
|
ṭoot, peṭesin
|
like time but with tongue touching the roof of the mouth
|
| ʈː
|
uṭṭin
|
like right time but with tongue touching the roof of the mouth
|
| w
|
warep, uwetton, yuw
|
water
|
| wː
|
yuwwa, tawwa
|
low water
|
| x
|
Hučyun, arkeh
|
Bach, loch
|
| xː
|
nuhhu, ihhis
|
like loch but held longer
|
| ʔ
|
‘ek-raakat, pii‘i
|
uh-oh
|
|
| Vowels
|
| IPA
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
| ɑ
|
akkam, makkam
|
bra
|
| ɑː
|
aana, waaka
|
(long a)
|
| i
|
iwki, hiram
|
city
|
| iː
|
šiitiš
|
see
|
| o
|
oyyo, kormei
|
go
|
| oː
|
yoos
|
go
|
| u
|
uwetton, nuhhu
|
root
|
| uː
|
uuner, tuupen
|
too
|
| ɛ
|
ek-ruwwai, ketnets
|
length
|
| ɛː
|
meene
|
mate
|
| Stress
|
| IPA
|
Note
|
| ˈ
|
Primary stress: acute placed above vowel (only the first vowel in a digraph, eg. kiškáayi).
|
|
