Help:IPA/Mandinka

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Mandinka pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Mandinka phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Mandinka.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b báabaa beet
cànsu[a] chat
d dendikoo duck
f fée four
h háa happy
jàta jump
k káŋo kick
l looloo love
m mànsa meet
ᵐb m̀biroo[b] similar to samba
ᶬf lamfu similar to armfull
ᵐp pamparaŋo similar to pamper
n néŋo not
ⁿtʃ kanc[c] similar to bench
ⁿd ndaama similar to sand
ⁿdʒ njosoo similar to banjo
ᵑk nku similar to bank
ⁿs nsi similar to pants
ⁿt ǹtelu similar to banter
ɲ ñìŋ similar to onion
ŋ ŋ́a long
p péesa[d] pink
r rátoo[d] rolled r
s sàba sock
t táama tall
w wóoro wait
j yiroo you
Marginal consonants
ɡ garaasoo[e] game
Tone
˦ bée No equivalent
˨ dàa No equivalent
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Monophthongs
a abaraka British cat; somewhat like cut in other dialects.
aada similar to father
e esansi[d] similar to met
eekaa[d] square
i itolu[f] similar to dip
iisaa[f] deep
o osoo[d] story (short)
ooba[d] story (long)
u tunkuŋo[g] similar to foot
tuubi[g] cool
  1. ^ The /tʃ/ phoneme is rare in native Mandinka words, and around 15-20% of 'c-words' are loanwords.
  2. ^ Many words beginning with /ᵐb/ are derived from wolof
  3. ^ This phoeneme is really rare
  4. ^ a b c d e f This phoeneme is rare word-initially in native Mandinka words, and is almost only found word-initially only in loanwords.
  5. ^ /g/ is found in French loans.
  6. ^ a b This phoeneme is almost non-existant word-initially
  7. ^ a b This phoeneme doesnt exist word-initially

References

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See also

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