December 2001 lunar eclipse
| Penumbral eclipse | |||||||||
| File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2001Dec30.png Hourly motion shown right to left | |||||||||
| Date | December 30, 2001 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | 1.0731 | ||||||||
| Magnitude | −0.1141 | ||||||||
| Saros cycle | 144 (15 of 71) | ||||||||
| Penumbral | 243 minutes, 32 seconds | ||||||||
| |||||||||
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, December 30, 2001,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.1141. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 3.7 days before perigee (on January 2, 2002, at 2:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]
Visibility
[edit | edit source]The eclipse was completely visible over northeast Asia, the Pacific Ocean, and North America, seen rising over much of Asia and Australia and setting over South America.[3]
| File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2001Dec30.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart-01dec30.png The moon's hourly motion across the Earth's shadow in the constellation of Gemini. |
Eclipse details
[edit | edit source]Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 0.89477 |
| Umbral Magnitude | −0.11407 |
| Gamma | 1.07318 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 18h38m16.3s |
| Sun Declination | -23°08'50.7" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'15.9" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 06h38m07.7s |
| Moon Declination | +24°12'18.7" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'07.4" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°59'10.2" |
| ΔT | 64.3 s |
Eclipse season
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| December 14 Descending node (new moon) |
December 30 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
| File:SE2001Dec14A.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2001Dec30.png |
| Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 132 |
Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 144 |
Related eclipses
[edit | edit source]Eclipses in 2001
[edit | edit source]- A total lunar eclipse on January 9.
- A total solar eclipse on June 21.
- A partial lunar eclipse on July 5.
- An annular solar eclipse on December 14.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 30.
Metonic
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of March 13, 1998
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 17, 2005
Tzolkinex
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 18, 1994
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of February 9, 2009
Half-Saros
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 24, 1992
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 4, 2011
Tritos
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 30, 1991
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 28, 2012
Lunar Saros 144
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 20, 1983
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of January 10, 2020
Inex
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 18, 1973
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 9, 2030
Triad
[edit | edit source]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of March 1, 1915
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 30, 2088
Lunar eclipses of 1998–2002
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]
The penumbral lunar eclipses on March 13, 1998 and September 6, 1998 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on May 26, 2002 and November 20, 2002 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
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Saros 144
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of Saros series 144, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 29, 1749. It contains partial eclipses from March 28, 2146 through June 23, 2290; total eclipses from July 4, 2308 through January 28, 2651; and a second set of partial eclipses from February 8, 2669 through June 8, 2867. The series ends at member 71 as a penumbral eclipse on September 4, 3011.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 38 at 104 minutes, 53 seconds on September 7, 2416. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]
| Greatest | First | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2416 Sep 07, lasting 104 minutes, 53 seconds.[7] | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| 1749 Jul 29 |
2146 Mar 28 |
2308 Jul 04 |
2362 Aug 06 | |
| Last | ||||
| Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral | |
| 2488 Oct 20 |
2651 Jan 28 |
2867 Jun 08 |
3011 Sep 04 | |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
Tritos series
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Inex series
[edit | edit source]This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1828 Apr 29 (Saros 138) |
1857 Apr 09 (Saros 139) |
1886 Mar 20 (Saros 140) | |||
| 1915 Mar 01 (Saros 141) |
1944 Feb 09 (Saros 142) |
1973 Jan 18 (Saros 143) | |||
| File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1915Mar01.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-1915Mar01.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1944Feb09.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-1944Feb09.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1973Jan18.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-1973Jan18.png |
| 2001 Dec 30 (Saros 144) |
2030 Dec 09 (Saros 145) |
2059 Nov 19 (Saros 146) | |||
| File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2001Dec30.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2001Dec30.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2030Dec09.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2030Dec09.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2059Nov19.png | File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2059Nov19.png |
| 2088 Oct 30 (Saros 147) |
2117 Oct 10 (Saros 148) |
2146 Sep 20 (Saros 149) | |||
| 2175 Aug 31 (Saros 150) | |||||
Half-Saros cycle
[edit | edit source]A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two partial solar eclipses of Solar Saros 151.
| December 24, 1992 | January 4, 2011 |
|---|---|
| File:SE1992Dec24P.png | File:SE2011Jan04P.png |
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 144
- ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
External links
[edit | edit source]- Saros cycle 144
- 2001 Dec 30 chart: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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