Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin
Lua error in Module:Infobox_gene at line 53: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (symbol α1AC,[1] A1AC, or a1ACT) is an alpha globulin glycoprotein that is a member of the serpin superfamily. In humans, it is encoded by the SERPINA3 gene.
Function
[edit | edit source]Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin inhibits the activity of certain enzymes called proteases, such as cathepsin G that is found in neutrophils, and chymases found in mast cells, by cleaving them into a different shape or conformation. This activity protects some tissues, such as the lower respiratory tract, from damage caused by proteolytic enzymes.[2]
This protein is produced in the liver, and is an acute phase protein that is induced during inflammation.
Clinical significance
[edit | edit source]Deficiency of this protein has been associated with liver disease. Mutations have been identified in patients with Parkinson disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.[3]
Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is also associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease as it enhances the formation of amyloid-fibrils in this disease.[2]
Interactions
[edit | edit source]Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin has been shown to interact with DNAJC1.[4]
See also
[edit | edit source]- Alpha-1 antitrypsin, another serpin that is analogous for protecting the body from excessive effects of its own inflammatory proteases
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Further reading
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: I04.002
- Alpha+1-antichymotrypsin at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Human SERPINA3 genome location and SERPINA3 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P01011 (Human Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin) at the PDBe-KB.
