Pitta Pitta language
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|
| Pitta Pitta | |
|---|---|
| Region | Queensland |
| Ethnicity | Pitapita, Ringaringa, Rakkaia, Karanya, Kungkalenja, Maiawali |
Native speakers | (3 cited 1979)[1] likely extinct |
| Dialects |
|
| Pitha Pitha Sign Language | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pit – inclusive codeIndividual code: yxa – Mayawali (Maiawali) |
| Glottolog | pitt1247 Pitta Pitta |
| AIATSIS[3] | G6 Pitta Pitta (other dialects listed from here) |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
Pitta Pitta (also known by several other names and spellings) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language. It was spoken around Boulia, Queensland.[4]
Status
[edit | edit source]In 1979, Barry J. Blake reported that Pitta Pitta was "virtually extinct", with only three speakers remaining – Ivy Nardoo of Boulia, and Ted Marshall and Linda Craigie of Mount Isa.[1] It is now considered unlikely that any speakers remain.[5]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Vowels
[edit | edit source]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Low | a aː |
Consonants
[edit | edit source]| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Dental | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | ||
| Plosive | p | k | t̪ | c | t | ʈ | |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | n̪ | ɲ | n | ɳ | |
| Lateral | l̪ | ʎ | l | ɭ | |||
| Tap/Trill | ɾ | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ɻ | ||||
Vocabulary
[edit | edit source]Below is a basic vocabulary list from Blake (1981).[6]
English Pitta-Pitta man karna woman parratya mother ngamari father yapiri head karti eye miyi nose milya ear ngarra mouth parla tongue ṯarli tooth mirlka hand mara breast kaputyu stomach ngampa urine purra faeces kuna thigh marla foot ṯina bone pirna blood kimpa dog piyawarli snake kaṯi kangaroo kulipila possum ṯinapali fish kupi spider kupu mosquito kuṉṯi emu warrukatyi eaglehawk kurriṯala crow wakiri sun warlka moon tyangi star tyinpi stone tipu water ngapu camp ngurra fire maka smoke kuṯu food yaṉṯurru meat kaṯi stand ṯarrka sit ṉangka see ṉatyi go karnta get marri hit piṯi I ngantya you inpa one ngururu two parrkula
Pituri
[edit | edit source]The name pituri for the leaves chewed as a stimulant by traditional Aboriginal people has been claimed to be derived from the Pitta Pitta word pijiri.[7][8] though Walter Roth pointed out in 1897 that the word 'pituri', thus pronounced, was the term used by the neighbouring Yurlayurlanya people, and added that the Pitta Pitta people called it "tarembola".[9]
Sign language
[edit | edit source]The Pitta Pitta had well-developed a signed form of their language.[10]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxvii
- ^ G6 Pitta Pitta (other dialects listed from here) at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Roth 1897, p. 51.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Further reading
[edit | edit source]- Blake, Barry J. (1979). Pitta-Pitta. In R.M.W. Dixon and Barry Blake (eds.), Handbook of Australian Languages, Vol. 1. 183–244. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Roth, Walter E. (1897). The expression of ideas by manual signs: a sign-language. (p. 273–301) Reprinted from Roth, W.E. Ethnological studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines. London, Queensland Agent-Generals Information Office, 1897; 71–90; Information collected from the following tribes; Pitta-Pitta, Boinji, Ulaolinya, Wonkajera, Walookera, Undekerebina, Kalkadoon, Mitakoodi, Woonamurra, Goa. Reprinted (1978) in Aboriginal sign languages of the Americas and Australia. New York: Plenum Press, vol. 2.