Marasmius
| Marasmius | |
|---|---|
| File:Marasmius elegans.jpg | |
| Marasmius elegans | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Marasmiaceae |
| Genus: | Marasmius Fr. (1836) |
| Type species | |
| Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fr. (1838)
| |
| Marasmius | |
|---|---|
| Mycological characteristics | |
| File:Gills icon.png | Gills on hymenium |
| File:Convex cap icon.svg | Cap is convex |
| File:Adnate gills icon2.svg | Hymenium is adnate |
| File:Bare stipe icon.svg | Stipe is bare |
| Spore print is white | |
| File:Saprotrophic fungus.svg | Ecology is saprotrophic |
Marasmius is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. It contains about 500 species of agarics,[1] of which a few, such as Marasmius oreades, are edible. However, most members of this genus are small, unimpressive brown mushrooms. Their humble appearance contributes to their not being readily distinguishable to non-specialists, and they are therefore seldom collected by mushroom hunters. Several of the species are known to grow in the characteristic fairy ring pattern.
The author of the genus was Elias Magnus Fries,[2] who in 1838[3] classified white-spored agarics having a tough central stipe in this taxon if they were marcescent, i.e. they could dry out but later revive when moistened. For Fries, marcescence—by contrast with the "putrescent" (decomposing) nature of most mushrooms—was an important character for classification, which he used to separate this group from genus Collybia (which has now been split into many newer genera). The name Marasmius itself comes from the Greek word marasmos, meaning "drying out; withering". Modern mycologists no longer consider the marcescence/putrescence distinction a reliable criterion for taxonomy, but Fries's definition of the genus is still roughly applicable.
Species
[edit | edit source]Below is a list of more prominent species (for a complete list see List of Marasmius species). Note that some well-known former members of Marasmius, such as M. alliaceus, have been moved into the new genus Mycetinis; a few others have been reclassified as Rhizomarasmius or Gloiocephala. Former M. androsaceus is now considered to belong to genus Gymnopus.
- M. albopurpureus
- M. amazonicus
- M. anomalus
- M. atrocastaneus
- M. auklandicus
- M. aurantiobasalis
- M. bambusinus
- M. bellus
- M. bulliardii
- M. buxi - box parachute
- M. caperatus
- M. capillaris
- M. caricis
- M. chordalis
- M. cladophyllus
- M. cohaerens
- M. collinus
- M. corbariensis
- M. crinis-equi
- M. croceus
- M. curranii
- M. curreyi
- M. cylindraceocampanulatus
- M. delicatus
- M. delectans
- M. elegans - velvet parachute
- M. epiphylloides - ivy parachute
- M. epiphyllus - leaf parachute
- M. exocarpi
- M. exustoides
- M. favrei
- M. fishii
- M. fulvoferrugineus
- M. funalis
- M. galbinus
- M. gelatinosipes
- M. graminum
- M. haematocephalus - purple pinwheel mushroom
- M. hudsonii - holly parachute
- M. indopurpureostriatus [4]
- M. insititius
- M. kanukaneus
- M. koae
- M. kroumirensis
- M. limosus
- M. masonii
- M. meridionalis
- M. micraster
- M. midnapurensis
- M. minutus
- M. nigripes
- M. oreades - fairy ring mushroom
- M. otagensis
- M. pallenticeps
- M. palmivorus
- M. perforans
- M. perpusillus
- M. phalaricola
- M. podocarpicola
- M. prasiosmus
- M. pulcherripes
- M. pyrrhocephalus
- M. pusillissimus
- M. pusio
- M. quercophilus
- M. resinosus
- M. rhombisporus
- M. rhopalostylidis
- M. rimuphilus
- M. rosulatus
- M. rotula - collared parachute or pinwheel mushroom
- M. sacchari
- M. saccharinus
- M. sasicola
- M. semiustus
- M. setosus
- M. siccus
- M. spaniophyllus
- M. splachnoides
- M. subsupinus
- M. stenophyllus
- M. strictipes (edible)[5]
- M. sullivantii
- M. tageticolor
- M. tenuiparietalis
- M. tenuissimus
- M. tinctorius
- M. torquescens
- M. unilamellatus
- M. vagus - wandering creamsicle
- M. wettsteinii
- M. wynneae - pearly parachute
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ See record in Index Fungorum
- ^ E. M. Fries Epicrisis systematis mycologici (1838) Uppsala: Typographia Academica
- ^ Twilley, Nicola "The Year in Fungi", The New Yorker, New York, 20 December 2015. Retrieved on 21 December 2015.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- File:Wikispecies-logo.svg Data related to Marasmius at Wikispecies
- Genus Marasmius at Mushroom Expert.com
Lua error in Module:Taxonbar at line 165: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).