Luning Formation
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| Luning Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Late Carnian-Early Norian ~ | |
| Type | Formation |
| Location | |
| Region | Nevada |
| Country | United States |
The Luning Formation is a geologic formation in Nevada. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period. The lowermost strata dates to the late Carnian-early Norian boundary.
Fossil content
[edit | edit source]The Luning Formation contains significant fossils of invertebrate fauna such as ammonites, bivalves and brachiopods. The site is known for its ichthyosaur fossils.
Vertebrates
[edit | edit source]| Vertebrates reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Actinopterygii | West Union Canyon.[2] | S. kerri ammonoid zone.[2] | Small fish bones.[2] | An indeterminate bony fish. | ||
| Chondrichthyes | West Union Canyon[2] | K. macrolobatus ammonoid zone.[2] | An elasmobranch fin spine.[2] | An indeterminate cartilaginous fish. | ||
| Metapolygnathus | M. primitius | Pilot & Cedar Mountains.[3] | Conodont elements.[3] | A conodont. | ||
| Shonisaurus | S. popularis | West Union Canyon, Berlin–Ichthyosaur State Park.[2] | Remains of approximately 40 individuals.[4] | A large ichthyosaur. |  | |
| Vertebrata indet. | West Union Canyon.[2] | S. kerri ammonoid zone or above.[2] | Indeterminate bone fragments.[2] | |||
Invertebrates
[edit | edit source]- Sagenites minaensis
- Spiriferina gregaria
- S. peneckei
- Terebratula debilis
- Terebratula suborbicularis
- Tibetothyris julica
Arthropods
[edit | edit source]| Arthropods reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Platypleon | P. nevadensis | A fragmentary specimen containing two pleonal segments and the proximal portion of the left uropods.[5] | A decapod. | |||
| Pseudoglyphea | P. mulleri | Carapace.[5] | A litogastrid decapod. | |||
| Rosagammarus | R. minichiellus | Shoshone Mountains.[5][6] | Right half of a tail.[5] | A lobster-like decapod, originally misidentified as a giant amphipod.[6] | ||
Brachiopods
[edit | edit source]| Brachiopods reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Balatonospira? | B.? cf. B. lipoldi | Dunlap Canyon & Cinnabar Canyon.[7] | Lower Member.[7] | Numerous specimens.[7] | A spiriferidan. | |
| Plectoconcha | P. aequiplicata | Berlin-Ichthyosaur state park & Pilot Mountains.[7] | Limestone and secondary dolomite member, & Lower Member.[7] | Numerous specimens.[7] | A terebratulid. | |
| P. newbyi | Dunlap Canyon & Cinnabar Canyon.[7] | Lower Member.[7] | Numerous specimens.[7] | A terebratulid. | ||
| Rhaetina | R. gregaria | Cinnabar & Dunlap Canyons, & Berlin–Ichthyosaur State Park.[7] | Lower Member & limestone and secondary dolomite member.[7] | Around 10 specimens.[7] | A terebratulidan. |  |
| Spondylospira | S. lewesensis | Dunlap Canyon & Berlin–Ichthyosaur State Park.[7] | Lower Member.[7] | 3 complete specimens, 1 brachial & 2 pedicle valves.[7] | A spiniferidan. | |
| Zeilleria | Z. cf. Z. elliptica | Dunlap & Cinnabar Canyons.[7] | Lower Member.[7] | Over 12 specimens.[7] | A zeilleriid. |  |
| Zugmayerella | Z. uncinata | Dunlap Canyon & Cinnabar Canyon.[7] | Lower Member. [7] | Numerous specimens.[7] | A spiniferidan. | |
| ?Z. sp. | 14.5 km east of Mina, Nevada.[7] | Probably Lower Member.[7] | A pedicle valve (UMIP 6952).[7] | A spiniferidan. | ||
Cephalopods
[edit | edit source]| Cephalopods reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Guembelites | G. clavatus | Pilot Mountains & Shoshone Mountains.[3] | An ammonite. | |||
| G. jandianus | Pilot Mountains & Shoshone Mountains.[3] | An ammonite. | ||||
| G. philostrati | Pilot Mountains & Shoshone Mountains.[3] | An ammonite. | ||||
| Pararcestes | P. sp. | Mustang Canyon locality & Dunlap Canyon.[3] | An ammonite. | |||
| Stikinoceras | S. kerri | Pilot Mountains & Shoshone Mountains.[3] | An ammonite. | |||
| Thisbites | T. sp. | Pilot Mountains & Shoshone Mountains.[3] | An ammonite. | |||
Cnidarians
[edit | edit source]| Cnidarians reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Ampakabastrea | A. cowichanensis | Dunlap Canyon, Mina vicinity & Mineral County, Nevada.[3] | 6 specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in the Osobb Formation. | ||
| Areaseris | A. nevadaensis | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | Multiple specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in California. | ||
| Astraeomorpha | A. confusa | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | 2 specimens.[3] | A stony coral. | ||
| Ceriostella | C. martini | Pilot Mountains & east of Mina.[3] | 6 specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in the Osobb Formation. | ||
| C. parva | Pilot Mountains.[3] | 3 specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in Alaska. | |||
| Curtoseris | C. dunlapcanyonae | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | UMIP 17010.[3] | A stony coral also found in Alaska & Peru. | ||
| Distichomeandra | D. cf. minor | Cedar Mountains (Dicalite Summit).[3] | UMIP 26869.[3] | A stony coral. | ||
| Flexastrea | F. serialis | Mineral County, Nevada.[3] | 4 specimens. | A stony coral. | ||
| Khytrastrea | K. cuifiamorpha | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | UMIP 7465 & 7480.[3] | A stony coral. | ||
| K. silberlingi | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | UMIP 17002-1.[3] | A stony coral also found in the Osobb Formation. | |||
| Margarogyra | M. silberlingi | Mineral County, Nevada.[3] | A stony coral also found in the Osobb Formation. | |||
| Margarophyllidae undetermined genus | East of Mina, Pilot Mountains.[3] | Fragmentary, recrystallized specimen (UMIP 6676).[3] | A stony coral. | |||
| Meandrovolzeia | M. sp. | Pilot Mountains.[3] | A colony fragment UMIP 6720.[3] | A stony coral. | ||
| Minasteria | M. shastensis | Pilot Mountains & Mina vicinity.[3] | 7 specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in California. | ||
| Nevadoseris | N. punctata | Dunlap & Cinnabar Canyons.[3] | Multiple specimens.[3] | A stony coral also found in the Osobb Formation. | ||
| Plectodiscus | P. berlinensis | West Union Canyon, Berlin–Ichthyosaur State Park.[8] | UCMP 38211.[8] | A chondrophore. | ||
| Retiophyllia | R. nevadae | Mineral County, Nevada.[3] | UCMP 153092.[3] | A stony coral. | ||
| R. sp. | Dunlap Canyon.[3] | Fragments of corallites.[3] | A stony coral. | |||
| Thamnasteria | T. cf. smithi | Dunlap & Cinnabar canyons.[3] | 2 specimens.[3] | A thamnasteriid coral. |  | |
Sponges
[edit | edit source]| Sponges reported from the Luning Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Polycystocoelia | P. silberlingi | Garfield Hills.[9] | Lower Member.[9] | Oe specimen (UMIP 6653).[9] | A demosponge. | |
See also
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References
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