Korneev started his club career with Dynamo Moscow, but he eventually moved to CSKA Moscow, where he became one of the club's cornerstones in the 1960s. While a member of the Red Army club, Korneev won a EuroLeague championship in 1963. He scored 15 crucial points in the tie-breaking final game against Real Madrid, after first two games of the finals were not enough to crown a champion. He made it to the EuroLeague Final once again, two years later, when Real took their revenge for what had been a bitter loss 2 years earlier. In addition to that, Korneev helped CSKA to win five Soviet Union League championships.
Korneev left CSKA in the prime of his career, due to a Soviet rule at the time, that did not allow players above 25 years old to play for the Army-supported team.
