Vismodegib

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Vismodegib
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˌvɪsmoʊˈdɛɡɪb/
VIS-moh-DEG-ib
Trade namesErivedge
Other namesGDC-0449, RG-3616
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: X (High risk)[1]
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability31.8%
Protein binding>99%
Metabolism<2% metabolised by CYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP3A5
Elimination half-life4 days (continuous use),
12 days (single dose)
ExcretionFecal (82%), Urinary (4.4%)
Identifiers
  • 2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
E number{{#property:P628}}
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC19H14Cl2N2O3S
Molar mass421.29 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(=O)NC2=CC(=C(C=C2)Cl)C3=CC=CC=N3)Cl
  • InChI=1S/C19H14Cl2N2O3S/c1-27(25,26)13-6-7-14(17(21)11-13)19(24)23-12-5-8-16(20)15(10-12)18-4-2-3-9-22-18/h2-11H,1H3,(H,23,24)
  • Key:BPQMGSKTAYIVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Vismodegib, sold under the brand name Erivedge, is a medication used for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC).[2] The approval of vismodegib on January 30, 2012, represents the first Hedgehog signaling pathway targeting agent to gain U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.[3] The drug is also undergoing clinical trials for metastatic colorectal cancer, small-cell lung cancer, advanced stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, medulloblastoma and chondrosarcoma as of June 2011.[4] The drug was developed by the biotechnology/pharmaceutical company Genentech.[3]

Indication

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Vismodegib is indicated for people with basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) which has metastasized to other parts of the body, relapsed after surgery, or cannot be treated with surgery or radiation.[3][5]

Mechanism of action

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The substance acts as a cyclopamine-competitive antagonist of the smoothened receptor (SMO) which is part of the Hedgehog signaling pathway.[4] SMO inhibition causes the transcription factors GLI1 and GLI2 to remain inactive, which prevents the expression of tumor mediating genes within the hedgehog pathway.[6] This pathway is pathogenetically relevant in more than 90% of basal-cell carcinomas.[7]

Side effects

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In clinical trials, common side effects included gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation), muscle spasms, fatigue, hair loss, and dysgeusia (distortion of the sense of taste).[2]

Development

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Vismodegib has undergone several promising phase I and phase II clinical trials for its use in treating medulloblastoma.[8]

References

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Further reading

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