Crossognathiformes

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Crossognathiformes
Temporal range: Late Jurassic to Middle Eocene
File:Rhacolepis Vienna.jpg
Rhacolepis fossil
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Division: Teleostei
Order: †Crossognathiformes
Taverne, 1989
Type genus
†Crossognathus
Pictet, 1858
Subgroups

See text

Crossognathiformes is an extinct order of ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Jurassic to the Eocene. Its phylogenetic placement is disputed; some authors have recovered it as part of the teleost stem group,[1] while others place it in a basal position within crown group Teleostei.[2] Other placements have found it to be polyphyletic, with Varasichthyidae being stem-group teleosts whereas the other, "true" crossognathiforms are crown-group teleosts within Teleocephala.[2]

The oldest definitive crossognathiforms are known from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Chile. They diversified afterwards and became a dominant group of marine fish throughout much of the Cretaceous. The last surviving member was the pachyrhizodontid Platinx from the Eocene.[3]

Classification

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Order Crossognathiformes Taverne, 1989[1][4]

Timeline of genera

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from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late
from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleo.
from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eo. 
from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligo.            
from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Mio.
from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Pl.
from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pl.
from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.

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from: -145.5    till: -65.5   color:cretaceous    text:Cretaceous
from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene         
from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.

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color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM1  from:-130    till:-99.6 text:Crossognathus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM2  from:-125    till:-120.67 text:Greenwoodella
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM3  from:-125    till:-112 text:Araripichthys
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM4 from:-115.25    till:-112 text:Rhacolepis
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-112    till:-89.3 text:Plethodus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM6 from:-112    till:-70.6 text:Pachyrizodus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-112    till:-65.5 text:Apsopelix
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8  from:-99.6    till:-93.5 text:Paranogmius
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM9  from:-99.6    till:-93.5 text:Protobrama
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM10  from:-99.6    till:-89.3 text:Tselfatia
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM11 from:-99.6    till:-70.6 text:Elopopsis
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM12 from:-93.5    till:-89.3 text:Enischorhynchus
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM13 from:-89.3    till:-85.8 text:Luxilites
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM14  from:-89.3    till:-85.8 text:Martinichthys
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM15 from:-89.3    till:-83.5 text:Niobrara
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM16  from:-89.3    till:-83.5 text:Syntengmodus
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM17  from:-89.3    till:-70.6 text:Bananogmius
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM18  from:-85.8    till:-83.5 text:Zanclites
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM19 from:-83.5    till:-70.6 text:Moorevillia 
color:eocene bar:NAM20 from:-55.8    till:-33.9 text:Platinx

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from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late
from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleo.
from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eo. 
from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligo.            
from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Mio.
from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Pl.
from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pl.
from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.

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from: -145.5    till: -65.5   color:cretaceous    text:Cretaceous
from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene         
from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.

</timeline>

Bibliography

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References

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