Ulch language
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in українська. (October 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
| Ulch | |
|---|---|
| Нāнʼи хэсэни | |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Khabarovskiy Kray |
| Ethnicity | 2,800 Ulch (2010 census)[1] |
Native speakers | 150 (2010 census)[1] |
| Cyrillic | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ulc |
| Glottolog | ulch1241 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| File:Lang Status 20-CR.svg Ulch is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
The Ulch language, or Olcha, is a Tungusic language spoken by the Ulch people in the Russian Far East. The language is moribund, with only 150 speakers (2010 census).
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Vowels
[edit | edit source]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ɪ ~ e | ə | ʊ ~ o |
| Open | a |
- Vowel length is also distributed.
Consonants
[edit | edit source]| Labial | Alveolar | Alveolo- palatal |
Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ɕ | k | (q) |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʑ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | (f) | s | x | (χ) | |
| voiced | β | (ɣ) | ||||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Approximant | (w) | j | ||||
- [f] is a rare sound in native words.
- /β ɡ/ have allophones of [w ɣ].
- /k x/ can become uvularized as [q χ] before vowels /a o/.[2]
Alphabet
[edit | edit source]| А а | (а̄) | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Дʼ дʼ | Е е |
| (е̄) | Ё ё | (ё̄) | Ж ж | З з | И и | (ӣ) | Й й |
| К к | Л л | М м | Н н | Нʼ нʼ | Ӈ ӈ | О о | (о̄) |
| П п | Р р | С с | Т т | У у | (ӯ) | Ф ф | Х х |
| Ц ц | Ч ч | Ш ш | Щ щ | ъ | Ы ы | ь | Э э |
| (э̄) | Ю ю | (ю̄) | Я я | (я̄) |
In brackets are letters that are used in writing, though not officially included in the alphabet.
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Ulch at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Sunik, 1985
Bibliography
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Sunik, O. P. (1985). Ul'chskij jazyk: issledovanija i materially. Leningrad: Nauka, Leningradskoe Otdelenie. 262pp.
External links
[edit | edit source]
