Coordinates: 52°31′47″N 52°44′52″E / 52.52972°N 52.74778°E / 52.52972; 52.74778

Totskoye

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Totskoye
То́цкое
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CountryRussia
Federal subjectOrenburg Oblast
Administrative districtTotsky

Totskoye (Russian: То́цкое) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Totsky District of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,898 (2010 census);[1] 7,201 (2002 census);[2] 7,095 (1989 Soviet census).[3]

History

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Polish military camp in 1941

The settlement was founded in 1736.

During World War I, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp that became notorious for a typhus epidemic in the winter of 1915-1916. More than 9,000 of 17,000 prisoners died.[4] Czech writer Jaroslav Hašek was one of its survivors.

During World War II, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Polish prisoners. In 1941–1942, the 6th and 7th Infantry Divisions of the Polish Anders' Army were formed and stationed in Totskoye.[5] Poles were housed in makeshift camps in dire conditions, mostly in tents and dugouts, and suffered from shortages of food, medicine, warm clothing and footwear.[6] Due to extreme cold reaching −54 °C (−65 °F), the Poles were relocated to Shahrisabz and Karmana in early 1942.[6][7] A monument for Polish soldiers is erected there.[citation needed]

In 1954, the Totskoye range was the site of the Soviet nuclear tests. Totskoye is also the site of the Totskoye air base.

References

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