Timeline of Mecca
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Prior to 20th century
[edit | edit source]| History of Saudi Arabia |
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- 100 BCE - "Yemeni tribes of Judham rule Mecca."[1]
- 570 CE - Year of the Elephant and the birth of Muhammad.
- 605 CE - Quraish rebuild Kaaba after it was damaged in floods.[2]
- 613 CE - Muhammad starts preaching publicly in Mecca.[3]
- 622 CE / 0-1 H - Muhammad migrates from Mecca to Medina, with followers (muhajirun).[4]
- 7th C. - Masjid al-Haram architectural components began.
- 625-629 : Pilgrim mosques built in numerous countries like (Kerala) India & in China by early disciples of Muhammad.
- Pilgrimage of Muslims to Mecca per Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.[3]
- 11 December: Liberation of Mecca.
- 683 / 63-64 H - Siege of Mecca (683); Kaaba burnt.[5]
- 692 - Siege of Mecca (692).[6][7]
- 751 - Milestones installed along the Darb Zubaidah (Baghdad-Mecca road).
- 793 - Harun al-Rashid visits city.[5]
- 810 - Aqueduct built.[1]
- 930 - City sacked by Qarmatians; Black Stone taken out of Mecca.[5][7]
- 951 - Black Stone returned to Mecca "for a great ransom".[5][7]
- 1184 - Traveller Ibn Jubayr visits city.[8]
- 1265 - Egyptian Mamluks in power.[5]
- 1326 - Traveller Ibn Battuta visits Mecca.[8]
- 1517 - Ottomans in power;[9] Selim I becomes Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.[7]
- 1630 - Flood.[9]
- 1631 - Kaaba rebuilt.[10]
- 1802/1803 - Mecca "captured by the Sa'udi-Wahhabi army."[11]
- 1812/1813 - Wahhabis ousted by Egyptian forces.[9]
- 1840 - Ottomans in power again.[9]
- 1855 - The Hejaz rebellion takes place in Hejaz against the Ottoman Empire, and results in riots in both Mecca and Jeddah.[12]
- 1878 - Population estimated by Assistant-Surgeon ʽAbd el-Razzāq at 50,000 to 60,000.[7]
- 1880 - 21 March: Sharif assassinated.[6]
- 1885 - Population: 45,000 (estimate).[13]
- 1886 - Printing press in use (approximate date).[14]
20th century
[edit | edit source]- 1908 / 1325-1326 H
- September: Hejaz Railway (Damascus-Mecca) begins operating.[6]
- Hussein bin Ali becomes sharif.[1]
- Al-Hijaz government newspaper begins publication.[14]
- 1912 - Madrasat al-Falah established.[14]
- 1916 / 1334-1335 H
- June–July: Battle of Mecca (1916).[5]
- Hashimite al-Qibla government newspaper begins publication.[14]
- 1921 - Population: 80,000 (approximate estimate).[15]
- 1924 / 1342-1343 H
- Battle of Mecca (1924).[14]
- 12 December: Umm al-Qura government newspaper begins publication.[14]
- Population: 60,000 (approximate estimate).[16]
- Ali of Hejaz becomes sharif.
- 1925 - City becomes part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.[5]
- 1926 - Al Adl cemetery and al-Mahad al-Ilmi Suudi (school)[14] established.
- 1929 - Amanat al-Asima (municipality) established.[14]
- 1931 / 1349-1350 H - Public library founded (approximate date).[14]
- 1932 - Dar al-Hadith (school) established.[14]
- 1930s - Aziziyya, Faysaliyya, Khayriyya, and Suudiyya schools established (approximate date).[14]
- 1938 - Maktabat al-Haram (library) active.[14]
- 1941 - Flood[17][18]
- 1945 - Al-Wehda Club (sport club) formed.
- 1949 / 1368-1369 H - Kulliyyat al-Sharia (college) established.[14]
- 1951 - College of Education established.[14]
- 1958 - Al Nadwa (newspaper) newspaper begins publication.[19]
- 1960 - Police academy established.[14]
- 1962
- 1964 / 1383-1384 H
- Malcolm X visits city.[1]
- Masjid al-Haram expanded.[1]
- 1966 - Mahad al-Nur (school) established.[14]
- 1969 - Flood.[21]
- 1972 - Hajj televised.[22]
- 1973 - "Master Plan for the Holy City of Mecca" launched.[1]
- 1974 - Population: 366,801.[23]
- 1975 - Fire in Mina.[1]
- 1979 - 20 November-4 December: Grand Mosque seizure.[24]
- 1981 - Umm al-Qura University established.[14]
- 1986 - King Abdul Aziz Stadium opens.
- 1987 - 31 July: 1987 Mecca incident.
- 1992 - Population: 965,697.[19]
- 1997 - 16 April: Mecca fire of 1997.
21st century
[edit | edit source]- 2005 - April: 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games held in city.
- 2006 / 1426-1427 H
- 5 January: 2006 Mecca hostel collapse.
- 12 January: 2006 Hajj stampede.[24]
- December: Abraj al Bait Mall in business.[25]
- 2007 - Jamaraat Bridge for pedestrians rebuilt.
- 2010
- Al Mashaaer Al Mugaddassah Metro begins operating.
- Makkah Clock Royal Tower Hotel in business.
- 1,534,731.[26]
- 2012
- August: Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference held in city.
- Abraj Al Bait built.
- 2013 - Mishaal bin Abdullah Al Saud becomes governor of Mecca Province.
- 2014 / 1435-1436 H - Raffles Makkah Palace hotel and Swissôtel Makkah in business.
- 2015
- 13 July: City visible via Snapchat imagery.[27][28]
- September: Mecca crane collapse.
See also
[edit | edit source]- Mecca history
- List of sharifs of Mecca
- Timeline of Muhammad in Mecca
- Timeline of Islamic history
- Timelines of other cities in Saudi Arabia: Jeddah, Medina, Riyadh
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b c d e f g Sardar 2014.
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- ^ a b c d e f g Hollister 1996.
- ^ a b c Haydn 1910.
- ^ a b c d e Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b Tolmacheva 2000.
- ^ a b c d Agoston 2009.
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- ^ Badem, C. (2010). The Ottoman Crimean War (1853-1856). Tyskland: Brill. p357
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Bosworth 2007.
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Bibliography
[edit | edit source]- Published in 18th-19th centuries
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- Published in 20th century
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- Francis Edward Peters. Mecca: A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land, Princeton University Press, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (1994)
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- Published in 21st century
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External links
[edit | edit source]Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Mecca.
- Map of Mecca, 1946
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- Europeana. Items related to Mecca, various dates
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mecca, various dates
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