Symbiotaphrina
| Symbiotaphrina | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Xylonomycetes |
| Order: | Symbiotaphrinales |
| Family: | Symbiotaphrinaceae |
| Genus: | Symbiotaphrina Kühlw. & Jurzitza ex W.Gams & Arx (1980) |
| Type species | |
| Symbiotaphrina buchneri Gräbner ex W.Gams & Arx (1980)
| |
Symbiotaphrina is a genus including seven species of fungi in the monotypic family Symbiotaphrinaceae Baral & E. Weber and the monotypic order Symbiotaphrinales Baral & E. Weber.[1]
The family and order were published in 2018 to contain the genus.[2]
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]Sexual states of Symbiotaphrina species (formerly included in the discomycete genus Tromeropsis) are black disk-shaped apothecia with multi-spored asci, and one-celled, unpigmented ascospores. The apothecia can be revived for several years after they have been dry.[2]
The asexual states of Symbiotraphrina species are yeast-like endosymbionts of Anobiid beetles (e.g. the cigarette beetle Lasioderma and the related Stegobium). The ellipsoidal yeast cells have monopolar budding.[3] A few species also have mycelial asexual states with conidium-producing pores ("phialides") in somatic hyphae.[2]
Ecology and physiology
[edit | edit source]Symbiotaphrina species can be found on dry, decayed wood. A few live in Anobiid beetles in a specialized structure (a "mycetome") between the fore- and mid-gut. Cells are transmitted between host generations when adults rub them onto egg surfaces eaten by hatched larvae. These fungi assist beetles with B-vitamin biosynthesis, fatty acid and sterol metabolism, and break down flavonoids and other toxins.[4]
Symbiotic Symbiotaphrina species can be isolated in axenic culture by aseptically dissecting beetle guts, spreading them onto agar, with incubation at 26 °C (79 °F).[5]
Species
[edit | edit source]As accepted by Species Fungorum;[6]
- Symbiotaphrina buchneri Gräbner ex W.Gams & Arx (1980)
- Symbiotaphrina desertorum Baral, G.Marson, E.Weber & Quijada (2017)
- Symbiotaphrina kochii Jurzitza ex W.Gams & Arx (1980)
- Symbiotaphrina larreae Baral, G.Marson & E. Weber (2017)
- Symbiotaphrina lignicola (L.J.Hutchison, Sigler & Y.Hirats.) E.Weber & Baral (2017)
- Symbiotaphrina microtheca (P.Karst.) Baral, E.Weber & G.Marson (2017)
- Symbiotaphrina sanguinea (C.Ramírez) Baral & E.Weber (2017)
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Lua error in Module:Taxonbar at line 165: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).