Stanley Shale

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Stanley Shale
Stratigraphic range: Mississippian
TypeFormation
Unit ofnone
Sub-unitsHatton Tuff Lentil (AR/OK), Hot Springs Sandstone (AR) Member,[1] Chickasaw Creek Shale Formation (OK), Moyers Formation (OK), Tenmile Creek Formation (OK)[2]
UnderliesJackfork Sandstone
OverliesArkansas Novaculite
Thickness3,500 to 10,000+ feet[1]
Lithology
PrimaryShale
Location
RegionArkansas, Oklahoma
CountryUnited States
Type section
Named forStanley, Pushmataha County, Oklahoma
Named byJoseph A. Taff[3]

The Stanley Shale, or Stanley Group, is a Mississippian stratigraphic unit in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma. First described in Arkansas in 1892,[4] this unit was not named until 1902 by J.A. Taff in his study of the Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma.[3] Taff assigned the town of Stanley in Pushmataha County, Oklahoma as the type locality, but did not designate a stratotype. After introduction into Arkansas in 1909 by Albert Homer Purdue,[5] the unit was redefined in 1918, when the formation known as the Fork Mountain Slate was abandoned and partially combined into the Stanley Shale.[6] As of 2017, a reference section for the Stanley Shale has yet to be designated.

The Stanley Shale is recognized as a geologic formation with two sub-units in Arkansas, the Hatton Tuff Lentil and the Hot Springs Sandstone Member,[1] however, several others have been proposed. These include the Chickasaw Creek Member,[7] Chickasaw Creek Tuff,[8] Gap Ridge Sandstone Member,[9] Moyers Member,[7] Parker Hill Sandstone Member,[9] Polk County Ash Bed,[10] and Tenmile Creek Member.[7] In 1963, it was first proposed to raise the rank of the Stanley Shale Formation to Group status in Arkansas,[11] with proposed sub-units consisting of the Chickasaw Creek Formation, Moyers Formation (with the Gap Ridge Sandstone and Parker Hill Sandstone Members), and Ten Mile Creek Formation.[12] However, the proposal was not accepted and the unit remained as a formation.

In Oklahoma, this unit is recognized as a group called the Stanley Group composed of three formations: the Chickasaw Creek Shale Formation, the Moyers Formation, and the Tenmile Creek Formation. The Hatton Tuff Lentil, recognized in Arkansas, is also in Oklahoma as a unit of the Tenmile Creek Formation. Several informal members have been noted including the Smithville chert lentil, the Faith chert member, and the Chickasaw Creek tuff among others [2]

Mining in the Stanley Shale is limited to cinnabar, barite, and quartz. Cinnabar is primarily used for mercury, however, production in Arkansas essentially ended by the mid-20th century. Barite mining, mostly useful for oil and gas drilling fluid, is ongoing.[13]

Paleoflora

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A. stanleyanus[14]
A. arkansana[14]
A. coralloides[14]
A. stanleyensis[14]
C. menae[14]
C. miseri[14]
L. subclypeatum[14]
L. peniculus[14]
N. elrodi[14]
P. subgeniculata[14]
R. secalicus[14]
R. goepperti[14]
S. arkansanum[14]
S. dawsoni[14]
T. gillhami[14]
T. vallisjohanni[14]
W. suspecta[14]

See also

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References

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  7. ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  8. ^ Lua error in Module:Cite_Q/config at line 10: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
  9. ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  13. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Lua error in Module:Cite_Q/config at line 10: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).


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