Sludge theory
In behavioral economics, sludge is any form of design, administrative, or policy-related friction that systematically impedes individuals' actions or decisions.[1][2][3] It encompasses a range of frictions such as complex forms, hidden fees, and manipulative defaults that increase the effort, time, or cost required to make a choice, often benefiting the designer at the expense of the user's interest.[1][4][5]
The concept of sludge highlights the importance of transparent and user-friendly design in promoting welfare, efficiency, and equity in decision-making processes.[1]
Sludge was popularized by behavioral economist Richard Thaler and legal scholar Cass Sunstein. They introduced it as the "dark cousin" of nudging in their book Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness.
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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