Pinus pumila
| Pinus pumila | |
|---|---|
| File:Pinus pumila1.JPG | |
| Foliage and female cones | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Pinus |
| Subgenus: | P. subg. Strobus |
| Section: | P. sect. Quinquefoliae |
| Subsection: | P. subsect. Strobus |
| Species: | P. pumila
|
| Binomial name | |
| Pinus pumila | |
| File:CL-03 Pinus pumila range map.png | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Pinus pumila, the Siberian dwarf pine, dwarf Siberian pine,[1][3] dwarf stone pine,[1] Japanese stone pine,[3] or creeping pine,[4] is a tree in the family Pinaceae native to northeastern Asia and the Japanese isles. It shares the common name creeping pine with several other plants.
Description
[edit | edit source]The Siberian dwarf pine is a coniferous evergreen shrub ranging from 1–3 metres (3–10 feet) in height, exceptionally up to 5 m (16 ft), but may have individual branches that extend further along the ground in length. In the mountains of northern Japan, it sometimes hybridizes with the related Japanese white pine (Pinus parviflora); these hybrids (Pinus × hakkodensis) are larger than P. pumila, reaching 8–10 m (26–33 ft) tall on occasion.[citation needed]
The leaves are needle-like, formed in bundles of five and are 4–6 centimeters long. The cones are 2.5–4.5cm long, with large nut-like seeds (pine nuts).[5]
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Habit
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Young seed cones
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Male cones
Distribution
[edit | edit source]The range covers the Far East, Eastern Siberia, north-east of Mongolia, north-east of China, northern Japan and Korea.[3] Siberian dwarf pine can be found along mountain chains, above the tree line, where it forms dense, uninterrupted thickets; it also grows on the headlands above the Okhotsk and Bering Seas, Tatarsk and Pacific coast (the Kurils).[citation needed]
P. pumila grows very slowly. It can live up to 300 and, in some instances, 1,000 years.[6]
Ecology
[edit | edit source]The seeds are harvested and dispersed by the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes).
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In its natural habitat, eastern Siberia
P. pumila has highly flammable needles, branches, and cones and readily carries crown fires, especially where it grows continuously across local landscapes.[7] It has serotinous cones that release seeds following fire[8] facilitating its recovery following severe fires caused by lightning strikes and other causes.[7][9]
Cultivation
[edit | edit source]This plant is grown as an ornamental shrub in parks and gardens. The cultivar P. pumila 'Glauca' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[10]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Conifers Around the World: Pinus pumila - Hai-Matsu.
- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
- File:Wikispecies-logo.svg Data related to Pinus pumila at Wikispecies
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