Septimer Pass
| Septimer Pass | |
|---|---|
| File:Brücke Südlich vom Septimerpass (rätoromanisch Pass da Sett), Passo del Settimo, Sentiero Storico - panoramio.jpg Historic bridge on the southern approach | |
| Elevation | 2,310 m (7,579 ft) |
| Traversed by | Trail |
| Location | Switzerland |
| Range | Alps |
| Coordinates | Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 411: Malformed coordinates value. | |
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Septimer Pass (German: Septimerpass, Italian: Passo del Settimo, Romansh: Pass da Sett; elevation 2,310 meters or 7,580 feet) is a high mountain pass in the canton of Graubünden in the Swiss Alps between the valleys of Bregaglia (Bergell) and Surses (Oberhalbstein). It is traditionally considered the boundary between the Oberhalbstein and Albula Alps. During the Middle Ages, this, the Great St. Bernard, and the Brenner Passes were the preferred routes over the Alps for traveling emperors.[1][2] The nearest inhabited localities on the approaches of the Septimer Pass are Casaccia on the south and Bivio on the north.
Already in use by the Romans, who maintained a legion camp in the pass around AD 15–16,[3] this pass was an important trade route from Milan through Bivio to Augsburg[4] It was easier to use than the Splügen Pass, due to the latter having the difficult gorges of the river Hinterrhein.[5] One of the earliest mentions of a Christian hospice was the one placed at the pass itself, mentioned in 831. It was mentioned in documents for the following millennium, even though it was abandoned in the tenth century and rebuilt at the beginning of the eleventh. (The hospice was later abandoned for good in 1778.)[6] During the Middle Ages the Septimer Pass was crucial to the temporal power of the Bishopric of Chur,[2] whose extensive territories until the fourteenth century included Chiavenna. In 1236 the St. Gotthard Pass opened, allowing traffic from Lucerne to Milan, which diverted merchants from going through Chur.[4] The pass further lost importance after the construction of roads over the Julier[2] and Maloja passes.[7]
According to Michiel de Vaan, the etymology of the pass could go back to a (Late) Latin *Saeptu Monte bzw. *Monte Saeptu 'protected mountain pass'.[8]
See also
[edit | edit source]- Julier Pass and Maloja Pass, road passes in proximity of the Septimer Pass
- List of mountain passes in Switzerland
Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ Hyde 1937, p. 325.
- ^ a b c Freshfield 1917, p. 20.
- ^ Fassbinder et al. 2014, p. 69.
- ^ a b Freshfield 1917, p. 18.
- ^ Freshfield 1917, p. 19.
- ^ Hyde 1937, pp. 325–326.
- ^ Munro 2001, p. 31, note 81.
- ^ de Vaan 2025, p. 560.
Sources
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
- Crossing Septimerpass like the Romans Switzerland Mobility
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