Secular Progressive Alliance

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Not to be confused with Secular Proggresive Front (2002-2012), Secular Progressive Front, Secular Democratic Alliance, or Secular Democratic Forces.
Secular Progressive Alliance
AbbreviationSPA
Chairman
FounderM. Karunanidhi
Founded20 January 2004
Preceded byDMK-led Alliance
IdeologyBig tent
Factions:
Social democracy[1]
Secularism[2]
Communism[3]
Marxism[4]
Political positionCentre-left to left-wing
ECI StatusNot Required
AllianceIndian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (National)
Seats in Rajya Sabha
12 / 19
Seats in Lok Sabha
40 / 40
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
158 / 234

(Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly)

12 / 33
(Puducherry Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31
This article is part of a series on the
Politics of Tamil Nadu
File:TamilNadu Logo.svg
Constitution
Government
Legislature
  • Deputy Speaker
  • Deputy Leader of the Opposition
  • Disbanded
Law and Judiciary
Elections and Politics
  • Coalitions
Administrative divisions
Local Government

Secular Progressive Alliance, formerly known as Democratic Progressive Alliance (DPA), is an alliance of Indian political parties formed by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK).

History

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The alliance was known as the Democratic Progressive Alliance 2004–2009[5] and 2014–2016. It became the Secular Progressive Alliance in 2019.

Indian general elections

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Tamil Nadu

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File:Lok Sabha.svg Lok Sabha Elections in Tamil Nadu
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
United Progressive Alliance
2004 2004 DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, MDMK, CPI(M), CPI, CJP
39 / 39
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2013 2009 DMK, INC, VCK, IUML
27 / 39
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2013-2016 2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu[6] DMK, VCK, IUML, MMK, PT
0 / 39
United Progressive Alliance
2016-2023 2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, IJK
38 / 39
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
2023-Present 2024 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu DMK, INC ,VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MDMK, KMDK, MNM
39 / 39

Puducherry

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File:Lok Sabha.svg Lok Sabha Elections in Puducherry
Duration Election Year Allied parties Contested by Result
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2013 2009 Indian general election DMK, INC, VCK, IUML INC Won
DMK-VCK Alliance
2013-2016 2014 Indian general election[7] DMK, VCK, IUML, MMK, PT DMK Lost
United Progressive Alliance
2016-2023 2019 Indian general election DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI INC Won
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
2023-Present 2024 Indian general election DMK, VCK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, MNM INC Won

State legislative assembly elections

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Tamil Nadu

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State Legislative Assembly Elections in Tamil Nadu
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2004-2006 2006 DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, CPI(M), CPI, PBK, Forward Bloc (Vallarasu)
163 / 234
2006-2011 2011 DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, VCK, KMK, MMK, PMK
31 / 234
2011-2016 2016 DMK, INC, IUML, VCK, MMK, PT, PMK, TPWP, SSP
98 / 234
Secular Progressive Alliance
2017-2021 2021 DMK, INC, IUML, VCK, CPI, CPI(M), MMK, MDMK, PMK, KMDK, AIFB, MVK, ATP
159 / 234
2025-present 2026 DMK, INC, IUML, VCK, CPI, CPI(M), MMK, MDMK, KMDK

Puducherry

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File:Lok Sabha.svg State Legislative Assembly Elections in Puducherry
Duration Election Year Allied parties Seats won
United Progressive Alliance
2004-2021 2006 DMK, INC, PMK, CPI
20 / 30
2011 DMK, INC, PMK, VCK
9 / 30
2016 INC, DMK
18 / 30
2021 INC, DMK, IUML, VCK, CPI, Independent
9 / 30
2025-present 2026 INC, DMK, IUML, VCK, CPI, CPI(M), MDMK

Current members

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# Party Abbr. Flag Symbol Leader
1 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK File:Flag DMK.svg File:Indian election symbol rising sun.svg M. K. Stalin
2 Indian National Congress INC File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg File:Hand INC.svg K. Selvaperunthagai
3 Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) File:CPI-M-flag.svg File:CPI(M) election symbol - Hammer Sickle and Star.svg P. Shanmugham
4 Communist Party of India CPI File:CPI-banner.svg File:CPI symbol.svg R. Mutharasan
5 Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi VCK File:Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi banner.png Thol. Thirumavalavan
6 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam MDMK File:MDMK.svg File:Indian Election Symbol Matchbox.png Vaiko
7 Makkal Needhi Maiam MNM File:Makkal Needhi Maiam Party Logo.png File:Indian Election Symbol Battery-Torch.png Kamal Haasan
8 Indian Union Muslim League IUML File:Flag of the Indian Union Muslim League.svg File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg K. M. Kader Mohideen
9 Manithaneya Makkal Katchi MNMK File:Manithaneya Makkal Katchi flag.jpg File:Blank.svg M. H. Jawahirullah
10 Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi KMDK File:Kmdkflag.gif File:Blank.svg E. R. Eswaran
11 Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi TVMK File:Tvk flag wikipedia.jpg File:Blank.svg T. Velmurugan
12 Moovendar Munnetra Kazhagam MMK File:Mmk flag.png File:Blank.svg G. M. Sreedhar Vandaiyar
13 Tamil Nadu Peasants and Workers Party TNPWP File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg Pon. Kumar
14 Adhi Tamilar Peravai ATP File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg R. Adhiyaman
15 Mukkulathor Pulipadai MKLP File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg Karunas
16 Manithaneya Jananayaka Katchi MJK File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg Thamimun Ansari
16 Makkal Viduthalai Katchi MVK File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg K. Murugavelrajan
17 Samathuva Makkal Kazhagam SMK File:Blank.svg File:Blank.svg Ernavoor Narayanan

Strength in Legislative Assembly

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Tamil Nadu

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Main article: 16th Tamil Nadu Assembly
Party Abbr. Ideology Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK Dravidianism
126 / 234
Indian National Congress INC Social liberalism
17 / 234
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi VCK Anti-casteism and Anti-classism
4 / 234
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPIM Marxism-Leninism
2 / 234
Communist Party of India CPI Marxism–Leninism
2 / 234
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam MDMK Dravidianism
4 / 234
[a]
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi KMDK Indigenism
1 / 234
[b]
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi MMK Social democracy
2 / 234
[c]
Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi TVK Populism
1 / 234
[d]

Puducherry

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Main article: 15th Puducherry Assembly
Party Abbr. Ideology Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK Dravidianism
6 / 30
Indian National Congress INC Social liberalism
2 / 30
Independents IND Independent
4 / 30

Withdrawals

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Political Party State Date Reason for Withdrawal
Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam Tamil Nadu 2009 Allied with BSP
Puratchi Bharatham Katchi Tamil Nadu 2011 Allied with AIADMK
Pattali Makkal Katchi Tamil Nadu 2014 Allied with NDA
Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with AIADMK
Puthiya Tamilagam Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with ADMK
Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi Tamil Nadu 2019 Allied with AIADMK
Indian Uzhavar Uzhaippalar Katchi Tamil Nadu 2021 Allied with AIADMK
Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi

Tamil Nadu

2021 Allied with NDA

The Left parties defected to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front in 2009 after it withdrew support to the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance coalition in the Centre.

The Pattali Makkal Katchi withdrew support in 2008 over differences with the DMK but it still remained in the Congress-led UPA in the Centre. But after differences over seat sharing before the 15th Lok Sabha, it withdrew support to the UPA also and crossed over to the AIADMK-led front.

The Manithaneya Makkal Katchi was formed in 2009 by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham and immediately joined the DPA. But before the Lok Sabha elections, its demand for two Lok Sabha seats and one Rajya Sabha seat was turned down by the DMK which offered them a lone Lok Sabha seat. The MMK withdrew from the DPA and as of now tied up with small parties like actor Sarath Kumar-led Akila Indiya Samathuva Makkal Katchi, the Puthiya Tamilzhagam and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Governments & Legislative leaders

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ But considered as DMK MLA
  2. ^ But considered as DMK MLA
  3. ^ But considered as DMK MLA
  4. ^ But considered as DMK MLA

References

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