Sarcodon
| Sarcodon | |
|---|---|
| File:Sarcodon imbricatus0.jpg | |
| Sarcodon imbricatus | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Thelephorales |
| Family: | Bankeraceae |
| Genus: | Sarcodon Quél. ex P.Karst. (1881) |
| Type species | |
| Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) P.Karst. (1881)
| |
| Species | |
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See text
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Sarcodon is a genus of fungi in the family Bankeraceae, which is part of the order Thelephorales, known for its almost universal ectomycorrhizal ecology.[1] The genus owes its name to the presence of teeth-like spines on the hymenophore, from ancient Greek; sarco = flesh and odon = tooth. For this reason they are commonly called "tooth fungi", or "Hydnoid fungi".
Description
[edit | edit source]Sarcodon species have yellow to brown tinted basidiospores,[2] with lengths in the range of 7.4–9 μm.[3] The basidiomata are often soft and fleshy.[2]
Species
[edit | edit source]As of September 2015[update], Index Fungorum listed 49 valid species of Sarcodon.[4] However, in 2019 Larsson et al. transferred 12 species into the genus Hydnellum.[3] In 2024, Douch et al. transferred Sarcodon carbonarius to the genus Neosarcodon.[5]
- Sarcodon aglaosoma
- Sarcodon atroviridis
- Sarcodon austrofibulatus
- Sarcodon bubalinus
- Sarcodon caliginosus
- Sarcodon calvatus
- Sarcodon catalaunicus
- Sarcodon conchyliatus
- Sarcodon cyanellus
- Sarcodon cyrneus
- Sarcodon dissimulans
- Sarcodon excentricus
- Sarcodon harrisonii
- Sarcodon humilis
- Sarcodon ianthinus
- Sarcodon illudens
- Sarcodon imbricatus
- Sarcodon lanuginosus
- Sarcodon leucopus
- Sarcodon pakaraimensis[6]
- Sarcodon portoricensis[6]
- Sarcodon praestans
- Sarcodon procerus
- Sarcodon quercinofibulatus[7]
- Sarcodon quercophilus[6]
- Sarcodon quietus
- Sarcodon regalis
- Sarcodon rimosus
- Sarcodon roseolus
- Sarcodon rutilus
- Sarcodon scabripes
- Sarcodon squamosus
- Sarcodon stereosarcinon
- Sarcodon subfelleus
- Sarcodon thwaitesii
- Sarcodon umbilicatus[6]
- Sarcodon ussuriensis
- Sarcodon ustalis
- Sarcodon wrightii
Human uses
[edit | edit source]Several species within the Sarcodon genus, including S. imbricatus (see figure), are edible. The fungus can be bitter, but that is less apparent in younger specimens. In China, it is a popular edible mushroom and it is used to reduce cholesterol, relax the muscles, and improve blood circulation.[8] Isolates from the genus, called scabronines, may increase nerve growth factor synthesis in vitro.[9]
References
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