SV2A

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Lua error in Module:Infobox_gene at line 53: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is a transmembrane protein belonging to a family of keratan sulfate proteoglycans, located on the synaptic vesicles of mammalian neuronal and endocrine cells. It is encoded by the SV2A gene.[1][2][3]

SV2A is the most widely expressed isoform of the SV2 family (which also includes the SV2B and SV2C proteins) found in all brain regions.[4] The role of the SV2 proteins is not well understood; however, they are thought to be involved in regulating vesicular processes.[4]

The SV2A protein is a target of the anti-epileptic drugs (anticonvulsants) levetiracetam and brivaracetam[5] but it is not clear how these drug affect SV2A activity.[6]

Localisation

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SV2A is differentially expressed in both inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic terminals[7] however it is not expressed in all synapses[8] as was previously thought.[9] There is a slightly stronger colocalisation between SV2A and GABA than glutamate[10] and the association differs across brain regions and changes with developmental stages.[11]

SV2A PET

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Several PET radiotracers targeting SV2A have been developed, allowing for measuring SV2A density in-vivo: [11C]LEV, [11C]UCB-A, [11C]-UCB-H, [18F]UCB-J, [18F]Syn-VesT-1, [18F]Syn-VesT-2, and [18F]SDM-16. SV2A density has been used as a proxy for measuring in vivo synaptic density.[12][13][14][15] A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of [11C]UCB-J PET studies reported lower SV2A binding in individuals with psychotic disorders compared with healthy controls.[16]

See also

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References

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Further reading

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  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q7L0J3 (Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A) at the PDBe-KB.
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