4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain

4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC3A2 (solute carrier family 3 member 2) gene.

SLC3A2 comprises the heavy subunit of the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1) that is also known as CD98 (cluster of differentiation 98).

Function

SLC3A2 is a member of the solute carrier family and encodes a cell surface, transmembrane protein with an alpha-amylase domain. The protein exists as the heavy chain of a heterodimer, covalently bound through di-sulfide bonds to one of several possible light chains. It associates with integrins and mediates integrin-dependent signaling related to normal cell growth and tumorigenesis. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.

LAT1 is a heterodimeric membrane transport protein that preferentially transports neutral branched (valine, leucine, isoleucine) and aromatic (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine) amino acids. LAT is highly expressed in brain capillaries (which form the blood brain barrier) relative to other tissues.

A functional LAT1 transporter is composed of two proteins encoded by two distinct genes:

• 4F2hc/CD98 heavy subunit protein encoded by the SLC3A2 gene (this gene)
• CD98 light subunit protein encoded by the SLC7A5 gene

Interactions

SLC3A2 has been shown to interact with SLC7A7.

Additionally, SLC3A2 is a constituent member of the system xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter, complexing with SLC7A11.

See also

• Heterodimeric amino acid transporter

External links

• Large+Neutral+Amino+Acid-Transporter+1 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Amino+Acid+Transport+System+L at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.