Rucinates
The Rucinates (Gaulish: *Rucinatis) or Rucantii (Gaulish: *Rucantioi) were a Gallic tribe dwelling near the confluence of the Isar and Danube rivers during the Roman period.
Name
[edit | edit source]They are mentioned as R̔oukántioi (Ῥουκάντιοι) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD),[1] as Rucinates (var. irucina-) by Pliny (1st c. AD),[2] as R̔ounikátai (Ῥουνικάται) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD),[3] and as Rucinates on an inscription.[4][5]
The meaning of the name remains uncertain. It has been translated as 'the blushing (i.e. shameful or shaming) people', by connecting the first element to the Gaulish *rucco- ('shame, blush of shame').[5] Alternatively, Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel has proposed to derive the name from a form *roukkina (cf. Welsh rhuchen 'jerkin, jacket, coat'), itself from *roukka (cf. Welsh rhuch 'garment, cloak, mantle'). In this view, the variant R̔oukántioi handed down by Strabo could be explained as 'those who wear a roukka'.[6] The form given by Ptolemy (Runicates) is a metathesis of the original form (Rucinates).[5]
Geography
[edit | edit source]The Rucinates lived near the confluence of the Isar and Danube rivers. Their territory was located north of the Catenates, east of the Raetovarii, south of the Iuthungi.[7] They were part of the Vindelici.[8]
History
[edit | edit source]They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.[2]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:6:8.
- ^ a b Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:20.
- ^ Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:12:4.
- ^ CIL 5:7817.
- ^ a b c Falileyev 2010, s.v. Runicates.
- ^ de Bernardo Stempel 2015, p. 94.
- ^ Talbert 2000, Map 12: Mogontiacum-Reginum-Lauriacum.
- ^ Schumacher, Dietz & Zanier 2007.
Primary sources
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Bibliography
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