Coordinates: 25°36′N 29°06′E / 25.6°N 29.1°E / 25.6; 29.1

Quseir Formation

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Quseir Formation
Stratigraphic range: Campanian
~80–72 Ma
TypeGeological formation
Sub-unitsMut & El Hindaw Members
UnderliesDuwi Formation
OverliesUnconformity with Taref Formation
Thicknessat least 250 metres (820 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryShale
OtherSandstone, siltstone, phosphorite
Location
LocationAl Wadi al Jadid, New Valley
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RegionKharga Oasis
CountryEgypt
Quseir Formation is located in Egypt
Quseir Formation
Quseir Formation (Egypt)

The Quseir Formation is a geological formation in the vicinity of the Kharga Oasis in Egypt.[1] It is Campanian in age.[2] The lithology largely consists of soft shale with hard bands of sandstone, siltstone and phosphorite.[3] The environment of deposition was nearshore to freshwater fluvio-lacustrine characterized by moist and aquatic habitats with a tropical warm-humid climate. It is conformably overlain by the marine late Campanian-Maastrichtian Duwi Formation, and unconformably overlies the Turonian Taref Formation. The sauropod dinosaurs Mansourasaurus and Igai are known from the formation,[4][5] as well as the proximal fibula of an indeterminate theropod[6] and possible remains tentively assigned to Spinosaurus.[7][8] Additionally the lungfish genera Lavocatodus and Protopterus,[9] the crocodyliform Wahasuchus[10] and the bothremydid turtle Khargachelys are also known.[11]

Fossil content

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Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Dinosaurs

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Theropods including a proximal fibula and specimens tentatively assigned to Cenomanian theropod genera Spinosaurus and Carcharodontosaurus are now classified as Theropoda indet.[6][12]

Sauropods

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Sauropods of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Mansourasaurus[13] M. shahinae A lithostrotian titanosaur
Igai[14] I. semkhu A saltasaurid titanosaur

Theropods

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Theropods of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
cf.Abelisauridae[6] Indeterminate Proximal fibula (MUVP 187)[6]
Theropoda Caudal vertebra (MUVP 199)[6]

Fish

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Bony fish

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Bony fish of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Lavocatodus[9] L. giganteus A lavocatodid lungfish
L. humei
L. protopteroides
Protopterus[9] P. nigeriensis A protopterid lungfish
Lepisosteoidea[7] Indeterminate Mut Member

Cartilaginous Fish

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Cartilaginous Fishes of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Scapanorhynchus S. rapax[7] Mut Member Teeth A close relative of the living goblin shark

Crocodylomorphs

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Crocodylomorpha of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Dyrosauridae indet. Indeterminate Mandibular symphysis[15]
Wahasuchus[16] W. egyptensis A mesoeucrocodylian
Wadisuchus[17] W. kassabi Skulls A dyrosaurid.

Turtles

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Turtles of the Quseir Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Khargachelys K. caironensis A bothremydid side-necked turtle

References

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  1. ^ Quseir Formation at Fossilworks.org
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  17. ^ Sara Saber, Belal S Salem, Khaled Ouda, Abdullah S Gohar, Sanaa El-Sayed, Patrick M O’Connor, Hesham M Sallam, An early dyrosaurid (Wadisuchus kassabi gen. et sp. nov.) from the Campanian of Egypt sheds light on the origin and biogeography of Dyrosauridae, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 205, Issue 2, October 2025, zlaf134, https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf134
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