Podapolipidae
| Podapolipidae | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Superorder: | Acariformes |
| Order: | Trombidiformes |
| Family: | Podapolipidae |
Podapolipidae is a family of mites.[1] All members of the family Podapolipidae are specialized obligate external (and rarely internal) parasites of various insects,[2] among which at least 20 genera are subelytral ectoparasites of different beetle families, mainly Carabidae, Chrysomelidae, Coccinellidae, and Scarabaeidae.[3][4][5][6][7]
These mites are sexually transmitted, i.e. the motile stages of the mite (larvae or adult females) move from one host individual to another during copulation.[8] Parasitisation with these mites can negatively affect host fitness. For example, in some ladybirds, individuals parasitised with Coccipolipus suffer lower fecundity and egg viability[8] and sometimes reduced longevity.[9] Beyond this, these mites can modify host sexual and behavioural traits to boost their transmission success among individual hosts.[10] For example, in the milk weed leaf beetle, males parasitized by Chrysomelobia tend to more frequently contact other males, and are more successful in mating competition compared to unparasitised males; and this facilitates the mite's higher transmission rate.[10][5]
Four genera of Podapolipidae are exclusively associated with carabid beetles: Dorsipes (22 species), Eutarsopolipus (99 species), Ovacarus (3 species) and Regenpolipus (5 species).[11][12][13][14][15][16] Apart from Ovacarus, which is an endoparasite of the reproductive tracts of some carabids, the rest are subelytral ectoparasites.[12] Species of Eutarsopolipus are versatile in morphology and are currently grouped into ten species groups.[17] Most of the species are specific to a single host species. However, a few parasitize more than one host species[18] or more rarely more than one genus,[13] yet the possibility of them being cryptic species remains untested. More interestingly, in some cases more than one species can parasitize one host species[17] and sometimes they are specialized to different microhabitats such as the elytral cavity, on hindwings or on the dorsal abdomen of their host.[19][5]
References
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- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).File:Creative Commons by small.svg This article incorporates text by Alihan Katlav, Hamidreza Hajiqanbar, Markus Riegler, and Owen D Seeman available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ^ Regenfuss H. 1968. Untersuchungen zur morphologie, systematik und oekologie der Podapolipidae (Acarina: Tarsonemini). Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 177, 183–282.
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