Pachyrhamma
| Pachyrhamma | |
|---|---|
| File:Pachyrhamma waitomoensis male.jpg | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Ensifera |
| Family: | Rhaphidophoridae |
| Subfamily: | Macropathinae |
| Genus: | Pachyrhamma Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 |
| Species[1] | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Pachyrhamma is a genus of cave wētā (New Zealand cave cricket, tokoriro) in the family Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to New Zealand.[2] All species are nocturnal and most use cave habitats.
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]The genus was first described by Swiss geologist and entomologist Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1888.[3] Cook et al. (2010) found that Gymnoplectron and Turbottoplectron are synonymised with Pachyrhamma.[2] They follow W.F. Kirby (1906) and Karny (1937) in treating Pachyrhamma as a neuter noun.
Ecology
[edit | edit source]
Members of the genus are detritivorous scavengers that inhabit dark, damp refugia such as hollow logs, overhangs and caves during the day.[4] They become more active at night and venture into the surrounding undergrowth to forage.[4] They consume various organic matter such as plant seeds, fungi, animal droppings, and dead animal tissue.[4] They will cannibalise the remains of other dead weta, and may also attack still-living cave weta while they are vulnerable during ecdysis (shedding their exoskeleton).[4]
Species
[edit | edit source]When Pachyrhamma is treated as a neuter noun, species names have a neuter suffix, e.g. -ceras rather than -cera, and -ense rather than -ensis.
- Pachyrhamma acanthoceras Milligan, 1926
- (Hutton, 1900) (Richards, 1954)
- Richards, 1959 Richards, 1958
- Pachyrhamma longipes Pachyrhamma edwardsii
- (Colenso, 1886) Pachyrhamma waitomoensis
- Pachyrhamma chopardi (Scudder, 1869)
- (Richards, 1961) Richards, 1960
- Pachyrhamma spinosa Pachyrhamma fusca
- (Richards, 1961) Pachyrhamma cavernae
- Karny, 1935 Richards, 1959
- (Richards, 1961) Pachyrhamma ngongotahaensis
- Pachyrhamma uncata Pachyrhamma giganteum
- Richards, 1959 Pachyrhamma unicolor
- Pachyrhamma delli (Richards, 1962)
- (Salmon, 1948) Pachyrhamma tuarti
- Pachyrhamma waipuensis Pachyrhamma longicauda
References
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