Pachyarmatherium
| Pachyarmatherium | |
|---|---|
| File:Pachyarmatherium.jpg | |
| Mounted skeleton | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Cingulata |
| Family: | †Pachyarmatheriidae |
| Genus: | †Pachyarmatherium Downing & White, 1995 |
| Species | |
|
† P. leiseyi Downing & White, 1995 | |
Pachyarmatherium is a genus of extinct large armadillo-like cingulates found in North and South America from the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, related to the extant armadillos and the extinct pampatheres and glyptodonts.[1] It was present from 4.9 Mya to 11,000 years ago, existing for approximately 4.889 million years.
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]Pachyarmatherium was named by Downing and White (1995). Its type is P. leiseyi. It was assigned to Dasypodoidea by Downing and White (1995), and tentatively to Glyptodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997).[2][3] A cladistic analysis performed by de O. Porpino et al. (2009) led to the conclusion that Pachyarmatherium is a sister group to a clade consisting of Glyptodontidae and Pampatheriidae.[1] Oliveira et al. (2013) suggest that Pachyarmatherium is a possible dasypodid.[4]
Fossil distribution of Pachyarmatherium
[edit | edit source]P. leiseyi
[edit | edit source]- Kissimmee River site, Tamiami Formation, Okeechobee County, Florida ~4.9—1.8 Mya.
- Haile 16A Site, Alachua County, Florida ~1.8 Mya.—300,000 years ago.
- Payne Creek Mine, Polk County, Florida ~1.8 Mya—300,000 years ago.
- Leisey Shell Pit 1A, Bermont Formation, Hillsborough County, Florida ~1.8—300,000 years ago.
P. tenebris
[edit | edit source]- Zumbador Cave (= Cueva del Zumbador) - Capadare Formation, Falcón, Venezuela, Pleistocene[5][6]
- Cueva El Miedo (= Cave Fear), Capadare Formation, Lujanian, Falcón, Venezuela, ~800,000-11,000 BP[6]
P. brasiliense
[edit | edit source]Lajedo de Escada, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, Late Pleistocene, 100,000 years BP[7][8]
References
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- ^ K. F. Downing and R. S. White. 1995. The cingulates (Xenarthra) of the Leisey Shell Pit local fauna (Irvingtonian), Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(12):375-396
- ^ M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level 1-640
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Further reading
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- Prehistoric cingulates
- Prehistoric placental genera
- Pliocene xenarthrans
- Pleistocene xenarthrans
- Pleistocene extinctions
- Pliocene mammals of North America
- Pleistocene mammals of North America
- Blancan
- Pleistocene mammals of South America
- Lujanian
- Pleistocene Brazil
- Fossils of Brazil
- Pleistocene Venezuela
- Fossils of Venezuela
- Fossil taxa described in 1995