Operation Althea

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European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina
Also known asEUFOR, Operation Althea
Military leader Major General Florin-Marian Barbu
Political leaderFile:Flag of Europe.svg European Union
Dates of operation2 December 2004 (2004-12-02) – present
AllegianceFile:Flag of Europe.svg European Union
MotivesSuccessful implementation of the Dayton Agreement
Size1100 members
Battles and warsthe Dayton Agreement
ColoursBlue, white, and yellow

Operation Althea, formally the European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR), is a military deployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina to oversee the military implementation of the Dayton Agreement.[1] It is the successor to NATO's SFOR and IFOR. The transition from SFOR to EUFOR was largely a change of name and commanders: 80% of the troops remained in place.[2] It replaced SFOR on 2 December 2004.

General aspects

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File:Znak EUFOR-a.jpg
Symbol of EUFOR Althea, exhibited in Bratislava Castle

Civilian implementation of the Dayton Agreement is enforced by the Office of the High Representative.

As of March 10, 2025, EUFOR's commander is Major General Florin-Marian Barbu[3] of Romania. For this mission, the European Union Military Staff is using NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) as the EU's Operational Headquarters (OHQ) and is working through the Deputy to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, a European officer.

EUFOR assumed all the missions of SFOR, except for the hunt for individuals indicted by the war crimes tribunal, notably Radovan Karadžić, former leader of Republika Srpska, and Ratko Mladić, their former military leader, which remained a mission for NATO[2] through NATO Headquarters Sarajevo.[4] EUFOR does have police duties against organised crime, which is believed to be linked to suspected war criminals.[5] It worked with the European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUPM) and with the Bosnian Police. The European Union Special Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina provides political guidance on military issues with a local political dimension to the EUFOR.

As of February 2023, the total force of EUFOR is approximately 1,000 troops from 22 countries, including EU member states and non-EU "Troop Contributing Countries" (TCC) are present within EUFOR (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey).[6]

On 18 December 2020, the United Kingdom marked the end of its 16-year contribution to EUFOR, following Brexit.[7]

As of early 2021, EUFOR personnel bases include:

  • Multinational Battalion is EUFOR's military maneuver unit for BiH, located at Camp Butmir, Sarajevo, and comprises troops from Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Turkey.
  • 19 LOT Houses located throughout BiH to connect EUFOR to local communities and authorities. Houses are located in Cazin, Banja Luka (Romania) and Banja Luka (Chile), Brčko, Doboj, Tuzla, Zavidovići, Travnik, Bratunac, Zenica, Vlasenica, Sarajevo, Livno, Jablanica, Višegrad, Foča, Mostar, Čapljina and Trebinje.[8]

Contributing states

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List of countries EUFOR Althea:[1]

Country EU NATO Strength
File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania[9] No Yes 30
File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria[10] Yes No 292
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Yes Yes 1
File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria[11] Yes Yes 10
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile[12] No No 15
File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic[13] Yes Yes 150
File:Flag of France.svg France[14] Yes Yes 250
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany[15] Yes Yes 50
File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece[16] Yes Yes 2
File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary[17] Yes Yes 30
File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland[18] Yes No 7
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy[19] Yes Yes 4
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands[20][21] Yes Yes 160
File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia[22] No Yes 3
File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland[23] Yes Yes 39
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal Yes Yes 1
Romania[24] Yes Yes 39
File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia[25] Yes Yes 40
File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia[26] Yes Yes 9
File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain[27] Yes Yes 4
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Yes Yes 2
File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland[28] No No 26
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey[29] No Yes 150
22 16 17 1,066


Withdrawn
Country EU NATO Year of withdrawal
File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Yes Yes 2012
File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland Yes Yes 2018[30]
File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Yes Yes 2013
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom[31] No Yes 2020[32]

Commanders

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No. State Rank Name Tenure
1 File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Major general David Leakey 2 December 2004 – 6 December 2005
2 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Major general Gian Marco Chiarini 6 December 2005 – 5 December 2006
3 File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany Rear admiral Hans-Jochen Witthauer 5 December 2006 – 4 December 2007
4 File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain Major general Ignacio Martín Villalaín[33] 4 December 2007 – 4 December 2008
5 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Major general Stefano Castagnotto 4 December 2008 – 3 December 2009
6 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Bernhard Bair 4 December 2009 – 6 December 2011
7 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Robert Brieger 6 December 2011 – 3 December 2012
8 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Dieter Heidecker 3 December 2012 – 17 December 2014
9 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Johann Luif 17 December 2014 – 24 March 2016
10 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Friedrich Schrötter 24 March 2016 – 28 March 2017
11 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Anton Waldner 28 March 2017 – 28 March 2018
12 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Martin Dorfer 28 March 2018 – 26 June 2019
13 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Reinhard Trischak 26 June 2019 – 14 January 2021
14 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Alexander Platzer 14 January 2021 – 20 January 2022
15 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Anton Wessely 20 January 2022 – 18 January 2023
16 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Major general Helmut Habermayer 18 January 2023 – 22 January 2024
17 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Major general László Sticz 22 January 2024 – 21 January 2025
18  Romania Major general Florin-Marian Barbu 21 January 2025 – present

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  2. ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  3. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  20. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  22. ^ http://www.euforbih.org/eufor/index.php/eufor-news/latest-news/2071-visit-to-eufor-by-minister-of-defence-of-former-yugoslav-republic-of-macedonia-fyrom Archived 2024-05-05 at the Wayback Machine Einsatzzahlen mazedonische Streitkräfte
  23. ^ Einsatzzahlen polnische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  24. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)., retrieved 28 September 2016.
  25. ^ Einsatzzahlen slowakische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  26. ^ Einsatzzahlen slowenische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  27. ^ Einsatzzahlen spanische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  28. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)., Swiss Peace Support, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  29. ^ Einsatzzahlen türkische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 March 2018.
  30. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  31. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  32. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  33. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

Further reading

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