Northumberland Formation
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Northumberland Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Late Cretaceous, ? | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Nanaimo Group |
| Underlies | Spray Formation |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Country | Canada |
The Northumberland Formation is a Late Cretaceous (?Campanian-?Maastrichtian)-aged geologic formation in Canada. It belongs to the larger Nanaimo Group. Indeterminate bird and pterosaur fossils have been recovered from the formation,[1] as well as a potential gladius of Eromangateuthis.[2] An extensive diversity of shark teeth is known from the formation; many appear to be closely allied with modern deep-water shark taxa, suggesting a deep-water environment for the formation.[3] The most well-known exposures of the formation are on Hornby Island.
Vertebrate paleofauna
[edit | edit source]Cartilaginous fish
[edit | edit source]Source:[3]
Hybodontiformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meristodonoides | M. sp. | A hybodontid shark. |
Hexanchiformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlamydoselachus | C. balli | A chlamydoselachid shark, related to the modern frilled shark. | File:Chlamydoselachus anguineus2.jpg | ||
| Rolfodon | R. ludvigseni | A chlamydoselachid shark. | |||
| R. cf. thompsoni | |||||
| Dykeius | D. garethi | A very large chlamydoselachid shark. | |||
| Hexanchus | H. microdon | A cow shark related to the modern bluntnose sixgill shark. | File:Hexanchus griseus santa rosa.jpg | ||
| Notidanodon | N. pectinatus | A cow shark. | File:Hexanchidae species - Tooth.jpg | ||
| Xampylodon | X. dentatus | A large cow shark. | File:Notidanodon.jpg | ||
| Protoheptranchias | P. lowei | A cow shark similar to the modern sharpnose sevengill shark. | |||
| Paraorthacodus | P. rossi | A paraorthacodontid shark. | File:Paraorthacodus.jpg | ||
| Komoksodon | K. kwutchakuth | A komoksodontid shark. |
Echinorhiniformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echinorhinus | E. lapaoi | A echinorhinid shark, related to the modern bramble shark. | File:Echinorhinus brucus Mc Coy.jpg |
Squaliformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eoetmopterus | E. supercretaceus | An etmopterid shark similar to modern lantern sharks. | |||
| Squalus | S. vondermarcki | A dogfish shark, related to modern spurdogs. | File:Squalus acanthias stellwagen.jpg | ||
| S. nicholsae | |||||
| S. sp. | |||||
| Centrosqualus | C. mustardi | A dogfish shark. | |||
| Protocentrophorus | P. steviae | A dogfish shark. | |||
| Rhinoscymnus | R. clarki | A sleeper shark, possibly included within Somniosus. | File:Somniosus rostratus.png | ||
| Centroscymnus | C. sp. | A sleeper shark related to the modern Portuguese dogfish. | File:Centroscymnus coelolepis norfanz.jpg | ||
| Squaliodalatias | S. savoiei | A dalatiid shark. | |||
| Hessinodon | H. wardi | A possibly dalatiid shark. |
Pristiophoriformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pristiophorus | P. smithi | A sawshark. | File:Pristiophorus japonicus cropped.jpg | ||
| P. pricei |
Orectolobiformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plicatoscyllium | P. cf. globidens | A ginglymostomatid shark. | |||
| Hemiscyllium | H. hermani | A bamboo shark. | File:Hemiscyllium halmahera.jpg |
Lamniformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carcharias | C. dominguei | A sand shark, related to the modern sand tiger shark. | File:Grey Nurse Shark at Fish Rock Cave, NSW.jpg |
Synechodontiformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synechodus | S. dereki | A palaeospinacid shark. |
Carcharhiniformes
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scyliorhinidae indent. | A catshark of uncertain affinities. | ||||
| Florenceodon | F. johnyi | A florenceodontid shark. |
Bony fish
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gwawinapterus | G. beardi | Jaw. | A saurodontid ichthyodectiform, initially identified as an istiodactylid pterosaur.[4] |
Birds
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maaqwi[5] | M. cascadensis | Coracoid and wing bones. | A large ornithuran, either a vegaviid or a procellariform.[6] | File:Maaqwi.png | |
| Enantiornithes indet.[7] | An enanthiornithine avialan. |
Pterosaurs
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azhdarchoidea indet.[1] | A possibly azhdarchid pterosaur. |
Squamates
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mosasauridae indet.[8] | A mosasaur. |
Invertebrate paleofauna
[edit | edit source]Molluscs
[edit | edit source]Cephalopods
[edit | edit source]| Genus[9] | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baculites | B. occidentalis | A baculitid ammonite. | File:Baculites fossil cropped.png | ||
| Fresvillia | F. constricta | A baculitid ammonite. | |||
| Diplomoceras | D. cylindraceum | A diplomoceratid ammonite. | File:Diplomoceras.jpg | ||
| D. cf. cylindraceum | |||||
| Exiteloceras | E. densicostatum | A diplomoceratid ammonite. | File:Exiteloceras jenneyi 1.jpg | ||
| E. bipunctatum | |||||
| Phylloptychoceras | P. horitai | A diplomoceratid ammonite. | |||
| Solenoceras | S. exornatus | A diplomoceratid ammonite. | |||
| S. cf. reesidei | |||||
| Nostoceras | N. adrotans | A nostoceratid ammonite. | File:Nostoceras species cropped.jpg | ||
| N. hornbyensis | |||||
| N. aff. pauper | |||||
| Enchoteuthis[2] | E. sp. | A muensterellid octopodiform. | File:Enchoteuthis reconstruction.png | ||
| Eromangateuthis[2] | E. soniae? | A plesioteuthid octopodiform. | |||
| Cyrtobelus[10] | C. hornbyense | A groenlandibelid spirulid.[2] | |||
| Actinosepia[2] | A. canadensis | An actinosepiid vampyromorphid.[11] | |||
| Cirroteuthidae indet.[2] | Gladius. | A cirroteuthid octopus. |
Gastropods
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tessarolax[8] | T. louellae | An aporrhaid gastropod. |
Crustaceans
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neocallichirus | N. manningi | A callianassid decapod. | |||
| Longusorbis | L. cuniculosus | A longusorbiid decapod. | |||
| Unnamed raninoid[12] | Unnamed | A raninoid decapod. |
Paleoflora
[edit | edit source]Gymnosperms
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cunninghamia | C. hornbyensis | Permineralized wigs and leaves. | A member of the extant Cupressaceae genus Cunninghamia. Closely resembles extant species.[13] | File:Cunninghamia.jpg | |
| Cycadeoidea[14] | C. maccafferyii | A bennettitalean. | File:Cycadeoidea fossil cropped.png |
Angiosperms
[edit | edit source]| Genus | Species | Location | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atli[15] | A. morinii | Stem | A member of the Ranunculales with a liana-like growth habit. |
See also
[edit | edit source]Lua error in mw.title.lua at line 392: bad argument #2 to 'title.new' (unrecognized namespace name 'Portal').
Footnotes
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d e f Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
References
[edit | edit source]Categories:
- Mesozoic Erathem of North America
- Cretaceous British Columbia
- Geologic formations of British Columbia
- Campanian Stage
- Maastrichtian Stage of North America
- Deep marine deposits
- Shale formations of Canada
- Sandstone formations of Canada
- Conglomerate formations of Canada
- British Columbia geologic formation stubs