NDV-HXP-S
| File:Butanvac embalagem.jpg Packaging for the Brazilian version of NDV-HXP-S, ButanVac | |
| Vaccine description | |
|---|---|
| Target | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Vaccine type | viral vector or inactivated |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | ButanVac (Brazil) COVIVAC (Vietnam) HXP-GPOVac (Thailand) Patria (Mexico) |
| Other names | ADAPTCOV |
| Routes of administration | Intramuscular,[1] Intranasal |
| Identifiers | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | {{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 29: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Part of a series on the |
| COVID-19 pandemic |
|---|
|
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NDV-HXP-S (known as ButanVac[2][3] or ADAPTCOV[4] in Brazil, COVIVAC[5] in Vietnam, HXP-GPOVac[6] in Thailand, Patria[7] in Mexico) is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed under the leadership of Peter Palese, Adolfo García-Sastre, and Florian Krammer at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, in New York, United States.[8][9]
The name NDV-HXP-S comes from the terms Newcastle disease virus, HexaPro, and spike protein.[8] The stabilization of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 (HexaPro) was achieved by Jason McLellan from the University of Texas at Austin.[10]
Pharmacology
[edit | edit source]NDV-HXP-S uses the Newcastle disease virus as its viral vector. The platform can be live or inactivated.[9]
Manufacturing
[edit | edit source]Unlike vaccines such as Moderna's mRNA-1273, the Janssen vaccine, and Pfizer–BioNTech's Tozinameran, which all require both specialized manufacturing facilities and also rare or expensive ingredients, NDV-HXP-S can be produced using chicken eggs in a fashion similar to influenza vaccine production, making it especially important to and for middle- and low-income countries.[8] Those existing vaccines are based on the 2P spike, while NDV-HXP-S is further refined via the same process, resulting in a new spike called HexaPro;[10] the 2P spike contained two prolines compared with HexaPro's six. It is also more resistant to heat and chemicals than the original 2P spike; the vaccine can be stored at 2–8 °C.[11]
History
[edit | edit source]Development
[edit | edit source]Its development was coordinated by the PATH Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, and UT Austin and ISMMS have arranged royalty-free licensing agreements with labs and corporations in 80 countries. McLellan has noted that "the share of vaccines ['low- and middle-income countries' have] received so far is terrible".[8]
Clinical trials
[edit | edit source]
As of December 2021, NDV-HXP-S is undergoing clinical trials in humans in at least four countries. In Brazil, on March 26, 2021, the Butantan Institute announced it would seek to begin clinical trials. Mexico-based Avimex plans to create an intranasal spray version of the vaccine. In Thailand the Government Pharmaceutical Organization is conducting a trial in coordination with Mahidol University.[12][13] Reflecting the freedom offered by the ease of the manufacturing process, Thai health minister Anutin Charnvirakul referred to the vaccine as "produced by Thai people for Thai people".[8] A phase II study has been completed in Vietnam, but the phase III study has been discontinued due to shortage of unvaccinated volunteers.[14]
The Butantan trials were discontinued at phase II in late 2023 due to lack of efficacy.[15]
References
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- ^ Clinical trial number NCT04764422 for "Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of NDV-HXP-S Vaccine in Thailand" at ClinicalTrials.gov
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