MyWiki:VideoWiki/Measles
| VideoWiki/Measles (Tutorial) | |
|---|---|
| File:En.Video-Measles.webm | |
| Link to Commons | |
| Steps for video creation | |
| Step 1 | Preview my changes (10 sec) |
| Step 2 | Upload to Commons (10 min) |
Definition
[edit source]Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease, caused by the measles virus.[1][2] It is also known as rubeola.
vs Rubella and Roseola
[edit source]not to be confused with Rubella, (German measles) and roseola, which are different diseases, caused by unrelated viruses.[3]
Onset of illness
[edit source]Symptoms usually develop 10–12 days after exposure to an infected person, and last 7–10 days.[4][5]
Initial symptoms
[edit source]Initial symptoms typically include, fever, often greater than 40 °C (104 °F), cough, runny nose, and inflamed eyes.[1][6]
Koplik's spots
[edit source]Small white spots, known as Koplik's spots, may form inside the mouth, two or three days after the start of symptoms.[6]
Rash
[edit source]But the classic sign is a red (flat) rash, which usually starts on the face three to five days after the start of symptoms, and then spreads to the rest of the body.[6]
Common complications
[edit source]About 7% of cases have complications, including diarrhea, middle ear infection, and pneumonia.[7]
Less likely complications
[edit source]Less commonly, seizures, blindness, or inflammation of the brain, may occur.[4][7]
Cause
[edit source]Measles is an airborne disease, which spreads very easily, through the coughs and sneezes of infected people.[4]
Other ways to spread disease
[edit source]It may also be spread through contact with saliva, or nasal secretions.[4]
Contagiousness
[edit source]It is so contagious that a single infected person will spread it to nine out of ten non-immune people who live with them.[7]
Duration of contagiousness
[edit source]One reason is that it can be spread four days before a rash develops, and continue for four days after the start of the rash.[7]
Immunity
[edit source]Fortunately, most people do not get the disease more than once.[4]
Diagnosis
[edit source]Testing for the measles virus in suspected cases is important, for public health efforts.[7]
Prevention
[edit source]The measles vaccine is effective at preventing the disease, and is often delivered in combination with other vaccines.[4]
Vaccine effectiveness
[edit source]Vaccination resulted in a 75% decrease in deaths from measles between 2000, and 2013, with about 85% of children worldwide being currently vaccinated.[4]
Treatment
[edit source]Once a person has become infected, no specific treatment is available,[4] but supportive care may improve outcomes.[4]
Supportive care
[edit source]This may include oral rehydration solution (slightly sweet and salty fluids), healthy food, and medications to control the fever.[4][5]
Antibiotics
[edit source]Antibiotics may be used, if a secondary bacterial infection such as bacterial pneumonia occurs.[4]
Vitamin A
[edit source]Vitamin A supplementation is also recommended in the developing world.[4]
Epidemiology
[edit source]Measles affects about 20 million people of all ages per year,[1] primarily in the developing areas of Africa, and Asia.[4][8]
Preventable deaths
[edit source]It is one of the leading vaccine-preventable disease causes of death.[9][10]
Decrease in deaths
[edit source]In 1980, 2.6 million people died of it,[4] but by 2014, global vaccination programs had reduced the number of deaths to 73,000.[11][12]
Increase in 2017
[edit source]Rates of disease and deaths, however, increased in 2017 due to a decrease in immunization, and may be as high as 10% in people with malnutrition.[4]
Greatest risk
[edit source]Most of those who die from the infection are less than five years old.[4][13] The overall risk of death among those infected is about 0.2%.[7]
.JPG){kind=link}
References
[edit source]- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d e f Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).