Multisystem developmental disorder

Multisystem developmental disorder (MSDD) is a term used by Stanley Greenspan to describe children under age 3 who exhibit signs of impaired communication as in autism, but with strong emotional attachments atypical of autism.^{[citation needed]} It is described in the DC:0-3R manual as an optional diagnosis for children under two years of age.^[1]^[2]

Other uses of the term

The term multisystem developmental disorder has also been used to describe various developmental disorders. These include:

Alagille syndrome,^[3] an autosomal dominant disorder with a wide range of features and manifestations. Its five most significant features are chronic cholestasis, a condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum, occurring in 95% of cases; heart abnormalities (over 90%); butterfly vertebrae; posterior embryotoxon and a distinctive face (prominent forehead, deep-set eyes, and a pointed chin).^[4]
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome,^[5]^[6] a syndrome characterized by broad thumbs, facial abnormalities, and big toes alongside moderate to severe intellectual disability.^[7]
Williams syndrome,^[8]^[9] a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a unique profile of strengths and deficits; most with the condition have mild intellectual disability but have grammatical and lexical abilities above what would be expected from their IQs.^[10] They are hypersocial and empathetic, but social isolation is commonly experienced.^[11]
Proteus syndrome,^[12] a congenital disorder causing disproportionate growth of skin, bone, and other tissues.^[13]
Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia,^[14] an autosomal recessive skeletal disorder with an estimated prevalence of between 1 in 100,000 and 1 in 130,000 live births.^[15]

Symptoms

Toe walking^[16]
Pragmatic speech problems^[16]
Clumsiness^[16]
Obsessions and rituals^[16]
Sensory issues^[16]
Disinterest in social interaction^[16]
Autistic characteristics^[16]

References

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v t e Autism
Main	Causes Diagnosis Epidemiology Epigenetics Heritability History Memory Pathophysiology Sex and gender Societal and cultural aspects Therapies
Diagnoses	Pervasive developmental disorder Autistic disorder Asperger syndrome Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified Childhood disintegrative disorder High-functioning autism
Associated conditions and phenomena	Alexithymia Anxiety LGBTQ identities Burnout Catatonia Masking Meltdowns Inertia Echolalia Echopraxia Emotional dysregulation Hyperlexia Infodumping Late talker Monotropism Nonspeaking Pathological demand avoidance Pronoun reversal Reading differences Savant syndrome Special interests Stimming Sensory overload Suicide among people with autism
Comorbid conditions	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder Avoidant personality disorder Anxiety disorder obsessive–compulsive disorder Bipolar disorder Developmental coordination disorder Developmental verbal dyspraxia Epilepsy Gender dysphoria Global developmental delay Intellectual disability Major depressive disorder Schizoid personality disorder Sensory processing disorder Sleep disorder Suicide Tinnitus
Associated syndromes	16p11.2 deletion syndrome 16p11.2 duplication syndrome 17q12 microdeletion syndrome 22q13 deletion syndrome Angelman syndrome Beck–Fahrner syndrome CACNA1C-related disorders CHARGE syndrome Cohen syndrome Cornelia de Lange syndrome DiGeorge syndrome Down syndrome Dup15q Goldenhar syndrome Fetal valproate spectrum disorder Fragile X syndrome Jacobsen syndrome Malan syndrome MECP2 duplication syndrome Neurofibromatosis type I Noonan syndrome Multiple hamartoma syndrome Pitt–Hopkins syndrome Rett syndrome Skraban–Deardorff syndrome Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome Sotos syndrome SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability Tatton-Brown–Rahman syndrome Timothy syndrome TRPM3-related neurodevelopmental disorder Tuberous sclerosis Williams syndrome
Related issues	Ableism Autistic rights movement Critical autism studies Discrimination Double empathy problem Employment Military service and conscription Multiple complex developmental disorder Neurodiversity Neuroqueer theory Peripheral neuropathy Reduced affect display Sanism Self-harm Suicidal ideation TEACCH program Twice exceptional Violence and autism
Controversies	Facilitated communication Lancet MMR autism fraud MMR vaccine Rapid prompting method Thiomersal Chelation Combating Autism Act Autistic supremacism
Diagnostic scales	Autism Diagnostic Interview Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Childhood Autism Rating Scale Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale
Screening scales	Autism-spectrum quotient Childhood Autism Spectrum Test Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale
Lists	Autism-related topics Fictional characters Schools
Accommodations	Autism-friendly Curb cut effect Inclusive design Neurodiversity and labor rights Neuroinclusive design Sensory friendly Supported employment Universal design
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Multisystem developmental disorder

Contents

Other uses of the term

Symptoms

References

Further reading

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Multisystem developmental disorder

Other uses of the term

Symptoms

References

Further reading

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