Mulabbis
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ملبس, אומלבס, מולבס | |
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| Alternative name | Khirbat Mulabbes, Bulbus |
|---|---|
| Location | Petah Tikva, Israel |
| Region | Yarkon River basin |
| Type | Archaeological mound |
| History | |
| Periods | Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk, Late Ottoman |
Tel Mulabbis (Arabic: ملبس, Hebrew: אומלבס, מולבס) is an archaeological mound in modern Petah Tikva, Israel.
Mulabbis is a key site in the Yarkon River basin, with habitation remains from the Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk and Late Ottoman periods.[1]
Crusader and Mamluk periods
[edit | edit source]Khirbat Mulabbes was home to the Crusader village of Bulbus, an identification proposed in the nineteenth century by French scholar fr. A Crusader source from 1133 CE states that the Count of Jaffa granted the land to the Hospitaller order, including “the mills of the three bridges” (“des moulins des trios ponts”).[2][3][4][5]
In 1478 CE (AH 883), the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, Qaitbay, endowed a quarter of the revenues of Mulabbes to two newly established institutions: Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya in Jerusalem, and a mosque in Gaza.[1][6]
Ottoman period
[edit | edit source]David Grossman suggests that Mulabbes was "Milus", a village with 42 Muslim households, mentioned in the Ottoman tax records in 1596.[7]
"Melebbes" appears on Jacotin's map drawn up during Napoleon's invasion in 1799,[8] and shows up as "el Mulebbis" on Kiepert's map of Palestine, published in 1856.[9]
Following the invasion of the Levant by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (1831-1841), the village was repopulated by Egyptian emigrants belonging to the Abu Hamed al-Masri clan as part of a wider wave of migration that settled in Palestine's coastal lowlands.[10]
In 1870, Victor Guérin noted that "Melebbes" was a small village with 140 inhabitants, surrounded by fields of watermelon and tobacco.[11] An Ottoman village list from about the same year showed that "Mulebbes" had 43 houses and a population of 125, though the population count included men only. It was also noted that the village was located on a hill, "Auf einer Anhöhe", 2.75 hours northeast of Jaffa.[12][13]
The Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine visited "Mulebbis" in 1874 and described it as "a similar mud village [as Al-Mirr], with a well."[14] Following the sale of Mulabbes' lands to Jewish entrepreneurs, its residents dispersed in neighboring villages like Jaljulia and Fajja.[10]
In 1878, Jewish colonists purchased the land of Mulabbes, establishing the first Jewish moshava, Petah Tikvah.[citation needed]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 37, No. 147
- ^ Delaville Le Roulx, 1894, pp. 86−87, No. 97
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1895, pp. 192−196: "Les Trois−Ponts, Jorgilia"
- ^ Haddad, 2013, Petah Tikva, Kh. Mulabbis Archived 2020-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 154. Suggested by David Grossman, 1986, p. 372, cited in Marom, 2019 Archived 2020-01-22 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Karmon, 1960, p. 170 Archived 2019-12-22 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Kiepert, 1856, Map of Southern Palestine Archived 2021-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Marom, The village of Mulabbis Archived 2021-05-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cathedra 176, 2020, pp. 48-64.
- ^ Guérin, 1875, p. 372
- ^ Socin, 1879, p. 158
- ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 136, also noted 43 houses at "Mulebbes".
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 252
Bibliography
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- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (p. 216)
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 13: IAA, Wikimedia commons
