Mesones Group

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Mesones Group
Stratigraphic range: Wuliuan-Drumian
TypeGroup
Lithology
PrimaryShale
Location
RegionZaragoza
CountrySpain

The Mesones Group is a Cambrian geologic group in Spain. It preserves numerous soft-bodied and hard-shelled taxa such as echinoderms and trilobites. It is often stated to contain the Mansilla, Murero and Valdemiedes Formations, however just as often the Murero Formation is used to refer to the entire group, with the main lagerstätte being placed interchangeably in Mansilla, the "broader" Murero or occasionally a broader Valdemiedes.[1]

Paleobiota

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Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
Paleobiota
Genus Species Higher taxon Notes Images
Ctenoimbricata C. spinosa Echinodermata Most basal known echinoderm, completely bilateral unlike modern forms[2]
File:Ctenoimbricata spinosa.jpg
Reconstruction of Ctenoimbricata
Dibrachicystis D. purujoensis Rhombifera Bears unusual appendages, suggesting blastozoan and crinoid "arms" come from the same source[3]
Vizcainoia V. moncaiensis Rhombifera Formerly placed inside Eocystites[3]
Protorophus P. hispanicus Edrioasteroidea Earliest known member of Isorophidae[4]
File:Protorophus hispanicus.jpg
Fossil of Protorophus
Graciacystis G. ambigua Cincta Basal cinctan, known from over a hundred specimens of different ages[5]
Aragocystites A. belli Edrioasteroidea A relatively basal edrioasteroid, related to Cambraster[6]
Cambraster C. tastudorum Edrioasteroidea First edrioasteroid found in Spain[7]
Protocinctus P. mansillaensis Cincta Earliest known cinctan genus[1]
File:Kapli et al. 2021 f05b (cropped) Protocinctus.jpg
Protocinctus fossil
Gogia G. parsleyi Eocrinoidea Oldest records of the genus from Gondwana[8]
File:Gogia parsleyi.jpg
Fossils of G. parsleyi
Rhopalocystis? ?R. mesonesensis Eocrinoidea Unclear whether it even belongs to the genus[9]
Gyrocystis G. platessa, G. erecta, G. testudiformis, G. badulesiensis?[10] Cincta A relatively diverse cinctan
File:Gyrocystis.png
Gyrocystis fossil
Caryosyntrips C. cf. camurus[11] Panarthropoda Frontal appendages (the only part known) formerly identified as the lobopodian "Mureropodia apae"[12]
File:Pates & Daley 2017 f06.png
Fossil frontal appendage of C. cf. camurus (=Mureropodia apae)
Tuzoia T. isuelaensis[13] Hymenocarina Only known from carapaces, alongside an indeterminate euarthropod[14]
File:Tuzoia life restoration.jpg
Life restoration of Tuzoia
Wimanicharion W. matthewi[15] Bradoriida Also known from Sweden and Canada
Naraoia N. sp. Naraoiidae Some of the first evidence of Naraoia in Europe[16]
File:Naraoia sp. MPZ 2018 29.png
N. sp. fossil from Murero
Peronopsis P. ferox, P. insignis,[17] P. longinqua[18] Agnostida An incredibly common agnostid from all over the world
File:Peronopsis bidens.jpg
P. bidens fossil from Utah
Condylopyge C. cruzensis[18] Condylopygidae
File:Condylopyge cephalon dorsal.jpg
Cephalon of C. rex from the Czech Republic
Megagnostus M. sp Agnostida Less common than Peronopsis, makes up fewer of the enrolled specimens in Murero[17]
Bailiaspis B. tuberculata Conocoryphidae Unclear whether any Mesones specimens belong to the species[19]
File:Bailiaspis dalmani.jpg
B. dalmani from the Whitesands Bay Formation
Bailiella B. tenucincta Conocoryphidae A blind trilobite[20]
Conocoryphe C. heberti Conocoryphidae An eyeless trilobite.[21]
File:Conocoryphe heberti. Murero.jpg
C. heberti fossil from Murero
Cornucoryphe C. schirmi Conocoryphidae An unusual trilobite with a horn in the middle of its head[22]
Eccaparadoxides E. pradoanus E. mediterraneus Paradoxididae Very abundant in Murero, had unique specialisations for enrolment[23] and shows unusual variability[24]
File:Eccaparadoxides pradoanus - Murero, Zaragoza - Museo Geominero.JPG
E. pradoanus fossil from Murero
Pardailhania P. hispida, P. multispinosa, P. sdzuyi Solenopleuridae Used for stratigraphy in Murero[25]
Solenopleuropsis S. marginata, S. thorali Solenopleuridae Exhibits circular enrolment alongside Pardailhania[26]
Dinesus D. truyolsi[27] Dinesidae
Alueva A. undulata Ellipsocephalidae Exhibits paedomorphosis[28]
Wronascolex? ?W. sp Palaeoscolecida Formerly placed within Palaeoscolex[29]
File:Palaeoscolex (7992675048).jpg
Palaeoscolex fossil
Marocella M. morenensis Helcionelloidea Found in other localities across the world[30]
Trematobolus T. simplex Obolidae Synonymous with the purported "bivalve" Lamellodonta[31]
Brahimorthis B. alvaroi Brahimorthidae (Orthida) Relatively underived member of the genus[32]
Nisusia N. sp[32] Kutorginata
Serpulidae indet. Unapplicable Sabellida Encrusted on shells[33]
Leptomitus L. lineatus, L. conicus[34] Protomonaxonida L. lineatus specimens may not belong to the species[35]
File:Leptomitus teretiusculus, Chengjiang biota.jpg
L. teretiusculus from the Maotianshan Shales
Crumillospongia C. mureroensis Protomonaxonida Bears larger pores than other members of the genus[36]
File:Crumillospongia frondosa, Chengjiang biota.jpg
C. frondosa from the Maotianshan Shales
Eiffelia? ?E. sp Protomonaxonida Only known from six-rayed spicules[37]
File:USNM PAL 200648 Eiffelia globosa.jpg
E. globosa fossil from the Burgess Shale
Chancelloria C. sp Chancelloriidae Also only known from spicules[37]
C. pentacta fossil (from the US?)
Psammosphaera P. sp Astrorhizida (Foraminifera) Mainly encrusted on shells[33]

References

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  19. ^ CHIRIVELLA MARTORELL, J. B., LIÑÁN, E., DIEZ ÁLVAREZ, M. E., & GOZALO, R. 2017. Bailiaspis (Trilobita) with English affinities from the Mansilla Formation (Cambrian Series 3 of the Iberian Chains; NE Spain). [Bailiaspis (Trilobita) de afi nidad inglesa en la Formación Mansilla (Serie 3 del Cámbrico de la Cadena Ibérica; NE España)]. Spanish Journal of Palaeontology, 32 (1), 17 - 26.
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