Martinotti cell
| Martinotti cell | |
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| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [[[d:Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 865: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|edit on Wikidata]]] | |
Martinotti cells are small multipolar neurons with short branching dendrites. They are scattered throughout various layers of the cerebral cortex, sending their axons up to the cortical layer I where they form axonal arborization. The arbors transgress multiple columns in layer VI and make contacts with the distal tuft dendrites of pyramidal cells.[1] Martinotti cells express somatostatin and sometimes calbindin, but not parvalbumin or vasoactive intestinal peptide.[2] Furthermore, Martinotti cells in layer V have been shown to express the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α2 subunit (Chrna2).[3]
Martinotti cells are associated with a cortical dampening mechanism.[4] When the pyramidal neuron, which is the most common type of neuron in the cortex, starts getting overexcited, Martinotti cells start sending inhibitory signals to the surrounding neurons. [5]
Historically, the discovery of Martinotti cells has been mistakenly attributed to Giovanni Martinotti 1888, although it is now accepted that they were actually discovered in 1889 by Carlo Martinotti (1859–1908), a student of Camillo Golgi.[6]
External links
[edit | edit source]News, press releases
[edit | edit source]- Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity - on the discovery of potential dampening influence of Martinotti cells.
- NIF Search - Martinotti Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework
See also
[edit | edit source]List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
References
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