Louis Archinard
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Louis Archinard | |
|---|---|
| File:Louis Archinard.jpg General Archinard | |
| Born | 11 February 1850 |
| Died | 8 May 1932 (aged 82) |
| Allegiance | France |
| Branch | French Army |
| Service years | 1870–1915 1917–1919 |
| Rank | General de division |
| Commands | 32nd Infantry Division |
| Conflicts | |
| Awards | |
Louis Archinard (11 February 1850 – 8 May 1932) was a French Army general at the time of the Third Republic, who contributed to the colonial conquest of French West Africa. He was traditionally presented in French histories as the conqueror and "Pacifier" of French Sudan (today Mali). Archinard's campaigns brought about the end of the Tukulor Empire. He also spent a large amount of energy fighting Samory Toure.
Archinard was succeeded as military commander of the Sudan in 1893 by Eugène Bonnier, who left from Bordeaux on 5 August 1893 to take up his new command. Bonnier had no instructions and decided to follow Archinard's advice, use his own judgement and seize Timbuktu.[1] He was killed on 15 December 1893 by a force of Tuaregs.[2]
In 1897 Archinard was reassigned to French Indochina. In World War I, he commanded in August 1914 the 1er Group of Reserve Divisions, and in 1917-1918 the Polish Legion in France.
Decorations
[edit | edit source]- Légion d'honneur
- Knight (25 August 1881)
- Officer (9 July 1889)
- Commander (11 July 1903)
- Grand Officer (30 December 1908)
- Grand Cross (11 July 1914)
- Médaille militaire (6 July 1919)
- Croix de guerre 1914-1918
- Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918
- Commemorative medal of the 1870–1871 War.
- Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918
- Médaille Coloniale with "Soudan" bar.
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Porch 2005, p. 136.
- ^ Porch 2005, p. 140.
Sources
[edit | edit source]- E. Réquin, Archinard et le Soudan, Éditions Berger-Levrault, 1946
- Martine Cuttier, Portrait du colonialisme triomphant - Louis Archinard 1850-1932, Éditions Lavauzelle, 2006 - Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- A. S. Kanya-Forstner, The Conquest of the Western Sudan (Cambridge University Press, 1969). Chapter VII. The `Total Conquest' of the Sudan, 1888-93.
- O'Toole, Thomas E., Historical Dictionary of Guinea, (Metuchen, New Jersey: The Scarecrow Press, 1987) p. 18
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Internet_Archive at line 573: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
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- 1850 births
- 1932 deaths
- People from Le Havre
- French colonial governors and administrators
- Colonial governors of French Mali
- People of French West Africa
- People of the French Third Republic
- French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
- French Army generals of World War I
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
- Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
- French generals