List of massacres in Ukraine
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This is a list of massacres that have occurred in the modern day areas of Ukraine.
Massacres until 1939
[edit | edit source]| Name | Date | Location | Perpetrators | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siege of Kyiv[1] | November 28–December 6, 1240 | Kyiv | File:Yehe Monggol Ulus.png Mongol Empire | 48,000[2] | The Mongols under Batu Khan cross the frozen Dnieper River and lay siege to the city of Kiev. On December 6, the walls are rendered rubble by Chinese catapults and the Mongols pour into the city. Brutal hand-to-hand street fighting occurs, the Kievans are eventually forced to fall back to the central parts of the city. Many people take refuge in the Church of the Blessed Virgin. As scores of terrified Kievans climb onto the Church's upper balcony to shield themselves from Mongol arrows, their collective weight strain its infrastructure, causing the roof to collapse and crush countless citizens under its weight. Of a total population of 50,000, 48,000 are massacred.[1] |
| Khmelnytsky pogroms (Tach Vetat) | 1648–1649 | Nationwide | File:Flag of the Zaporizhian Sich.svg Cossacks | 20,000–100,000 Jews | See Jewish casualties of Tach Vetat for discussion of various estimates of the number of murdered |
| Batih massacre | June 3–4, 1652 | Batih | File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg Cossacks | 3,500–8,000 Polish POWs | Also known as the "Sarmatian Katyń" |
| Kaffa massacre | October 1667 | Kaffa | File:Flag of the Zaporizhian Sich.svg Cossacks | 2,000 Crimean Tatars | The city was sacked by the Cossacks, with 2,000 Crimean Tatars massacred, along with 1,500 Crimean Tatar women and children taken captive |
| Arbautuk massacre | October 1667 | Arbautuk | File:Flag of the Zaporizhian Sich.svg Cossacks | Thousands of Crimean Tatars | |
| Sack of Baturyn | November 2, 1708 | Baturyn | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire | ~7,000-15,000 Ukrainians | After the capture of the city, its entire civil population was massacred by Russian forces |
| Executions of Cossacks in Lebedyn | 1708-1709 | Lebedyn | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire | 900 | Executions of pro-Swedish Cossacks who betrayed the oath of allegiance to the Russian Tsar |
| Massacre of Uman | June 1768 | Uman | Ukrainian rebels | 2,000–33,000 Jews and Poles | Massacre of the Jews, Poles and Ukrainian Uniates by haidamaks |
| Kiev pogrom (1881) | May 7, 1881 | Kyiv | Unknown | ||
| Odessa pogrom (1905) | October 18 and 22, 1905 | Odesa | Ethnic Russian, Ukrainian, and Greek rioters | 400–1,000 Jews | Between 18 and 22 October 1905, ethnic Russians, Ukrainians, and Greeks killed over 400 to 1.000 Jews and damaged or destroyed over 1600 Jewish properties. |
| Kiev pogrom (1905) | October 31–November 2, 1905 | Kyiv | Ethnic Russian, Ukrainian, etc. rioters | 100 Jews | |
| Pogroms of the Russian Civil War | 1918–1923 | Ukraine and Southern Russia | File:Flag of Russia.svg AFSR, White movement (17-50% of killings)[3][4]: 45 [5] File:Single Color Flag - 007500.svg Green armies File:Communist Hammer and Sickle Star Flag.svg Red Army |
50,000–250,000 Jews | Including Jews who were massacred in Southern Russia |
| Lwów pogrom | 21-23 November 1918 | Lviv | File:Flag of Poland (1919–1928).svg Polish army | 340 Jews and Ukrainians | |
| Fastiv massacre | September 1919 | Fastiv | File:Volunteer Army Insignia.svg White Army | 1,000–1,500 Jews | Pogrom against the Jewish population of city of Fastov by units of the White Army. |
| Eichenfeld massacre | November 1919 | Eichenfeld, Katerynoslav | File:Death to oppressors of workers.svg Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine | 136 Mennonites | |
| Berdychiv massacre (1920) | 7 June 1920 | Berdychiv | Russia 1st Cavalry Army | Hundreds of wounded Polish and Ukrainian soldiers, Red Cross workers and nuns. | Victims were burned alive in a hospital.[8] |
| Vinnytsia massacre | 1937–1938 | Vinnytsia | File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 – 1955).svg Soviet Union | 9,432 Ukrainians and Poles | Part of the Great Purge. |
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Massacres during World War II
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Massacres in the post-WWII period
[edit | edit source]| Name | Date | Location | Perpetrators | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kerch Polytechnic College massacre | October 17, 2018 | Kerch, Crimea | Vladislav Roslyakov | 21 | School shooting and nail-bomb attack |
| Bucha massacre | March 2022 | Bucha, Kyiv Oblast | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 73-178+ (UN)/ 458 (Ukraine) | Killing of Ukrainian civilians during the Russian occupation |
| Olenivka prison massacre | 29 July 2022 | Molodizhne, Donetsk Oblast | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 53–62 POWs | during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, a building housing Ukrainian prisoners of war in a Russian-operated prison in Molodizhne near Olenivka, Donetsk Oblast, was destroyed, killing 53 to 62 Ukrainian prisoners of war (POWs) and leaving 75 to 130 wounded.[10] |
| Volnovakha massacre | 27 October 2023 | Volnovakha | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 9 | including two children |
Other events
[edit | edit source]These events involving multiple deaths in Ukraine are not widely known, or recognized, as 'massacres'.
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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- ^ a b Budnitskii 2012, p. 217; Midlarsky 2005, p. 45.
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