List of lava tubes
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A lava tube, or pyroduct,[1] is a natural conduit formed by flowing lava from a volcanic vent that moves beneath the hardened surface of a lava flow. If lava in the tube empties, it will leave a cave.
Africa
[edit | edit source]Democratic Republic of the Congo
[edit | edit source]- Unnamed cave along the Kakomeru climbing route of Mt. Nyamulagira[2]
Ethiopia
[edit | edit source]- 70 m lava tube cave has been recorded southeast of Addis Ababa and a smaller example on K'one Volcano[2]
Kenya
[edit | edit source]- Chyulu Hills – contains nearly 100 tubes[2]
- Elmenteita Badlands north of Mt. Eburru – several small caves[2]
- Leviathan Cave – At 12.5 kilometres, it is the longest lava tube in Africa.[3]
- Emuruangogolak Volcano caves[2]
- North Chyulu hills area – 20 caves are known[2]
- Lake Tillam, near Korosi Volcano – several known lava tubes[2]
- Mount Suswa – around 40 known caves totaling around 11 km[2]
- Menengai Caldera – single vent-like cave[2]
- Nyambeni Mountains near Maua – 2 known caves[2]
Rwanda
[edit | edit source]- Musanze System – total 5.1 km[2]
Tanzania
[edit | edit source]- Mount Kilimanjaro Mawenzi lava tube system (at least 5)[4]
Uganda
[edit | edit source]- Garama Cave – Kigesi District, is 342 m long[2]
Asia
[edit | edit source]China
[edit | edit source]- Wudalianchi National Park and Global Geopark[5]
- Jingpo Hu National Park and Global Geopark[5]
- Leiqiong Global Geopark – More than 30 tubes[5]
- Seventy Two Cave Lava Tunnel[5]
Japan
[edit | edit source]Saudi Arabia
[edit | edit source]- Harrat Khaybar lava field – Umm Jirsan lava tube – 1.5 km long (Pint 2009)
South Korea
[edit | edit source]- Geomunoreum Lava Tube System
- Gimnyeonggul
- Manjanggul – more than 8 kilometers long, located in Jeju Island, is a popular tourism spot.[6][7]
Europe
[edit | edit source]Iceland
[edit | edit source]- Búri (cave)
- Raufarhólshellir
- Surtshellir – For a long time, this was the longest known lava tube in the world.[8]
- Víðgelmir
Italy
[edit | edit source]- Grotta del Gelo on Mount Etna
- Grotta dei Tre Livelli – lava tube system on three levels at Mount Etna[9]
Portugal
[edit | edit source]Spain
[edit | edit source]North America
[edit | edit source]Canada
[edit | edit source]United States
[edit | edit source]- Ape Cave – Washington (state)
- Bandera Volcano Ice Cave – New Mexico
- Cheese Cave – Washington (state)
- Indian Tunnel lava tube (and more than 250 other examples) in Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho[10]
- Derrick Cave – Oregon
- El Malpais National Monument, in western New Mexico[11]
- Hālona Blowhole
- Kaumana Cave – Hawaii
- Kazumura Cave, Hawaii – Not only the world's most extensive lava tube, but at 65.5 kilometres (40.7 mi), it has the greatest linear extent of any cave known.[12]
- Kuna Caves – Idaho
- Lava Beds National Monument – California
- Newberry National Volcanic Monument – Oregon
- Arnold Lava Tube System
- Boyd Cave – Oregon
- Horse Lava Tube System
- Lava River Cave[13]
- Lava Top Butte basalt[14]
- Skeleton Cave
- Lava River Cave – Arizona
- Mammoth Cave – Utah
- Niter Ice Cave – Idaho
- Pluto's Cave – California
- Skylight Cave – Oregon
- Snow Canyon State Park - Utah[15]
- Subway Cave Lava Tubes – Lassen National Forest, California[16]
- Wilson Butte Cave – Idaho
Oceania
[edit | edit source]Australia
[edit | edit source]Galapagos
[edit | edit source]- Bellavista lava tunnel[17]
New Zealand
[edit | edit source]- Auckland volcanic field Includes more than 50 lava tubes
Samoa
[edit | edit source]Extra Terrestrial
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lava tubes.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Jim W. Simons "Volcanic Caves of East Africa – An Overview " Int. J. Spelenl.. 27 B (1/4), (1998): 11–20
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- ^ Clive Ward "Lava Caves of Kilimanjaro. Mawenzi Lava Tubes" Int. J. Speleol., 27 I3 (1/4), (1998): 53.56.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Chris Wood & Haiyan Zhang "Volcanic Centres and Lava Caves in China" Proceedings 14th International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology, 2010 pp. 123–129
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- ^ Newberry National Volcanic Monument
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- ^ Snow Canyon State Park. Utah.gov state park website.
- ^ Subway Cave, United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed 20 June 2021.
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