List of largest seeds

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File:Female coco de mer seed.jpg
Lodoicea maldivica, native to the Seychelles Archipelago, found in the Indian ocean

The largest seed in the world is the coco de mer,[1][2] the seed of a palm tree.[3] It can reach about 30 centimetres (12 inches) long, and weigh up to 18 kilograms (40 pounds). The coco de mer, which produces a giant, dark brown seed,[4] has been protected by the government of the Seychelles because of its rarity[5] – the tree can grow up to 31 m (102 ft) tall, with leaves measuring 6 m (20 ft) long and 3.6 m (12 ft) wide. Kigelia or "sausage seed" (botanical name Kigelia africana) can produce pods weighing up to 12 kg (26 lb), and 12–20 cm (4+1⁄2–8 in) long, but the pod contains seeds.

List

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Other recorded largest seeds include:[6]

Seed Image Species Family Size in inches Size in cm Weight Notes
Coco de mer File:Female nut Coco de Mer and sea foam.jpg Lodoicea maldivica Palm family
(Arecaceae or Palmae) 		12 in 30 cm 18 kg (40 lbs) The single largest Lodoicea seed found to date was one weighing 25 kg (55 lbs).[7]
Coconut File:Coconut.png Cocos nucifera Palm family
(Arecaceae or Palmae) 		6 inches 15 cm The Andaman Giant Coconut can have a weight of about 8 lbs (3.6 kg).[8]
Mora[9] or "Mangle Nato" Mora oleifera or Mora megistosperma Senna family
(Caesalpinaceae) 		7 in by 6 in by 3 in 18 cm by 15 cm by 8 cm. 2.2 lbs (1 kg)[10]
East Indies Palmyra File:Tal palm (Borassus flabellifer) seeds.jpg Borassus sundaicus Palm family
(Arecaceae or Palmae) 		2.2 lbs (1 kg)[11]
African Palmyra Borassus aethiopum Palm family
(Arecaceae or Palmae) 		Up to 4.29 inches by 3.15 in by 2.24 in. Up to 10.9 cm by 8 cm by 5.7 cm.[12]
Caroline Ivory Palm Metroxylon amicarum Palm family
(Arecaceae or Palmae) 		4.5 inch sphere 11 cm sphere 1 lb. 4 oz (560 grams)[13]
Muli Melocanna baccifera Grass family
(Graminae or Poaceae) 		3.9 inches long and nearly as wide.[14] Ten cm long and nearly as wide. 12.3 oz (350 grams)[15]
Also called "Mora" Mora excelsa Senna family
(Caesalpinaceae) 		5 in by 2.75 in. 12.5 cm by 8 cm.[16] 8.8 oz (250 grams)[17]
Tea Mangrove [18] Pelliciera rhizophorae Tea or Camellia family
(Theaceae) 		4 in sphere. 10 cm sphere. 7 oz (200 grams)
Bornean ironwood, Belian var. "Tanduk" Eusideroxylon zwageri variety exilis Laurel family
(Lauraceae) 		6.3 in by 2 in diam. 160 mm by 5 cm diam.[19]
Pohon Kira-kira Xylocarpus granatum Mahogany family
(Meliaceae) 		Tetrahedral seeds four inches on a side. Tetrahedral seeds 10 cm on a side.[20] Also called "puzzlenut" because the nuts can be reassembled into a sphere.
Chayote File:Chayote cross section BNC.jpg Sechium edule or Sicyos edule Squash family
(Cucurbitaceae) 		4 in by 2.75 in by 1 in. 10 cm by 7 cm by 2.5 cm.[21]
Idiot fruit Idiospermum australiense Spicebush family
(Calycanthaceae) 		3.1 in sphere. 8 cm sphere.[22] 7.9 oz. (225 grams)[23] Very poisonous.
"Capucin". Northia seychellana Sapote Family (Sapotaceae) 3.1 inches, and nearly as wide3. 8 centimeters, and nearly as wide.[24] weight not stated
Avocado File:Avocado.jpeg Persea americana Laurel family
(Lauraceae) 		3 in 7.6 cm
Chuya Pouteria speciosa Sapote family (Sapotaceae) 3.5 in long by 2.4 in thick. 90 mm long by 60 mm thick.[25]
Boko tree Balanites wilsoniana Balanitaceae 3.46 in by 1.81 in diameter. 8.8 cm by 4.7 cm diameter.[26]
Pacó Grias tessmannii Monkeypot family
(Lecythidaceae) 		3.2 in by 2.5 in.[27] 8 cm by 6.5 cm.
Cativo Prioria copaifera Senna family
(Caesalpinaceae) 		Up to six ounces (170 grams)[28]
California buckeye File:California Buckeye Seed.jpg Aesculus californica Horse chestnut family (Hippocastanaceae) 2.88 in width, 2.63 in breadth and 2.13 in height.[29] 7.32 cm width, 6.68 cm breadth and 5.41 cm height 5 oz (140 grams) This is the largest of all temperate (non-tropical) seeds. Poisonous.
Calatola Calatola costaricensis Metteniusaceae 3 inches long by two inches wide. 7 cm long by 5 cm wide.[30]
Provision tree, Guiana chestnut Pachira aquatica Kapok family (Bombacaceae) Squarish seeds to 2.4 inches on a side. Squarish seeds to 6.1 cm. on a side.[31]
Elephant Creeper. Entada phaseoloides Mimosa family
(Mimosaceae) 		2.8 in by 2.4 in by 1.0 in. 71 mm by 61 mm by 25 mm.[32] 2.1 oz. (60 grams)
Tauari Couratari macrosperma Monkeypot family
(Lecythidaceae) 		3.9 inches by 1.2 inches.[33] 10 cm by 3 cm.
Membrillo Gustavia dodsonii Monkeypot family
(Lecythidaceae) 		2.9 inches by 2,25 inches. 74 mm by 58 mm.[34]
(no common name) Macrozamia macdonnellii Coontie family
(Zamiaceae) 		3.2 inches by 2.2 inches. 8 cm by 5.5 cm.[35] The largest of all Gymnosperm seeds.
Amarillo, or South American Apricot. Mammea americana Copay Family (Clusiaceae). 3.2 inches by about 2 inches. 8 cm by about 2 cm.[36]
Also called Tauari Couratari longipedicellata Monkeypot family (Lecythidaceae) Four inches long by 0.9 inches wide. 9.5 cm long by 2.3 cm wide.[37]
(no common name) Grias multinervia Monkeypot family
(Lecythidaceae) 		3 inches by 1.17 inches.[38] 77 mm by 30 mm.
Fatra File:Cycas thouarsii1.jpg Cycas thouarsii Sago palm family
(Cycadaceae) 		2.75 inches by 2.3 inches. 7 cm by 6 cm.[39] Pachytesta incrassata of the Carboniferous deposits was up to 5 in by 2.5 in diam (12 cm by 6 cm diam.) and weighed about seven ounces (200 grams).[40]
Mango Mangifera indica Sumac family
(Anacardiaceae) 		2-4 inches
Peach File:Nectarine.jpg Prunus persica Rose family
(Rosaceae) 		2 inches 3 cm

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Quest The World's Largest Seed Archived 2011-06-23 at the Wayback Machine A KQED Multimedia Series Exploring Northern California Science, Environment and Nature.
  2. ^ BGCI plants for the planet Our work Coco de Mer Archived 2019-02-06 at the Wayback Machine Investigate Coco de Mer on the BGCI Plant Search Database
  3. ^ Fruit trivia Coco de mer - Q
  4. ^ Britannica E. Coco de mer Double coconut
  5. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  8. ^ K.P.V. Menon and K.M. Pandala, "The Coconut Palm - A Monograph" (Ernakulam, Kerala, India: The Indian Central Coconut Committee, 1958) pp. 96 & 98.
  9. ^ Elbert L. Little and Robert G. Dixon, "Arboles Communes de la Provincia de Esmereldas" (Rome: UNFAO, 1969) p. 222
  10. ^ Daniel H. Janzen, "Costa Rican Natural History", (Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press, 1983) p. 281.
  11. ^ Chris Gray, "The Townsville Palmetum", THE PALM JOURNAL # 175 (March 2004)p. 30.
  12. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  13. ^ James C. McCurrach, "Palms of the World" (Stuart, Fla.: Horticultural Books, Inc., 1980 reprint - orig 1960) p. 139.
  14. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  15. ^ Daniel H. Janzen, "Why do Bamboos Wait so Long to Flower?", ANN. REV. ECOL. SYST. Vol 7 (1974) p. 9.
  16. ^ Kew Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information # 8 (November 1, 1932) p. 397
  17. ^ Victor C. Quesner and T. Francis Farrell, "Native Trees of Trinidad and Tobago" (Port of Spain: T & T Field Naturalists Club, 2000) p. 86.
  18. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  19. ^ Yukitoshi Kimoto et al, "Embryology of Eusideroxylon...etc", BOTANICAL JOURNAL of the LINNEAN SOCIETY Vol. 150 # 2 (February 2006) p. 190.
  20. ^ Margaret Percival and John S. Womersley, "Floristics and Ecology of Mangrove Vegetation in Papua New Guinea", BOTANICAL BULLETIN # 8 (Lae: Dept. of Forests, 1975) p. 90.
  21. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  22. ^ Franks, P. J. and P. L. Drake (2003). "Desiccation-induced loss of seed viability is associated with a 10-fold increase in CO(2) evolution in seeds of the rare tropical rainforest tree Idiospermum australiense." New Phytologist 159(1): 253-261.
  23. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  27. ^ Elbert L. Little and Robert G. Dixon, "Arboles Communes de la Provincia de Esmeraldes" (Rome: UNFAO, 1969) Illust p. 437 plus caption p. 436.
  28. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  29. ^ Personal observations and measurements made in Riverside, California on November 27, 2015. This is the largest of all temperate (non-tropical) seeds.
  30. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  31. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  32. ^ Dr. Jerry Sulivan, "The Godzilla Entada", THE DRIFTING SEED (May 2005 p. 10
  33. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  34. ^ Flora Neotropica Volume 21 Part 1 (Lecythidaceae) (August 1979) p, 160.
  35. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  39. ^ Robert K.F. Pilger, "Cycadaceae", NATURLICHEN PFLANZENFAMILIEN (Leipzig: Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1926) 2nd Auflage Band 13 p. 69.
  40. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).[dead link]
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